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Comparison of electric coupling with magnetic coupling between the Josephson tunnel junction and applied microwaves

Yuxing Dai, G.J. Cui, Xiangchao Meng, Bo-Ru Jian

Published Jun 1, 1986• 0 citations
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The electric coupling and the magnetic coupling between the Josephson tunnel junction and applied microwaves have been studied separately. The theoretical analysis (based on the forced vibration model) and experimental results indicate that for a half-wavelength junction only even microwave-induced steps can be obtained under magnetic coupling, but for the electric coupling, odd steps appear simultaneously, and that for an integral wavelength junction only even steps can be observed under the two couplings. The efficiency of the electric coupling, according to the theory and the experimental results, is found to be better than that of the magnetic coupling for the Nb-NbO/sub x/-Pb junction.

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The intrinsic response of Josephson junctions to microwave and far-infrared radiation is studied. Junctions are formed by pressing a Nb or Nb-Ti pointed wire onto a Nb thin film which in turn is pressed against the open end of a waveguide. Electromagnetic radiation is applied through the back of the film so that only the wave magnetic field is coupled to the junction. The change of the dc Josephson current is monitored at different levels of microwave power over a frequency range from 22 to 105 GHz. The dependence of the responsivity of these currents on film thickness over a range from 50 to 500 Å is studied. The observed responsivity agrees very well with that predicted by theory. Higher responsivity is observed for thinner films and lower microwave frequencies. The observed responsivity of a 50-Å film junction at 22 GHz is (6±3) ×10−2 V/W. To facilitate comparison of our results with other experiments, a more conventional coupling configuration in which the wave electric field rather than the wave magnetic field is coupled to the junction is studied. The results are comparable with other experiments with the responsivity in the E field coupling case 106 times larger than in the B field coupling configuration. We demonstrate that for successful use of simple Josephson junction detectors in the microwave and millimeter region it seems crucial to impedance match the junctions to the radiation source, probably by making them a part of a resonant structure.

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Capacitance measurement of Josephson tunnel junctions with microwave-induced dc quasiparticle tunneling currents

K. Hamasaki, Keiji Yoshida, F. Irie +1 more

The microwave response of the dc quasiparticle tunneling current in Josephson tunnel junctions, where the Josephson current is suppressed by an external magnetic field, has been studied quantitatively in order to clarify its characteristics as a probe for the measurement of the junction capacitance. Extensive experiments for both small and long junctions are carried out for distinguishing between microwave behaviors of lumped and distributed constant junctions. It is shown that the observed voltage dependence of the dc quasiparticle tunneling current modified by an applied rf field is in good agreement with a theoretical result which takes into account the influence of the microwave circuit connected to the junction. The comparison between theory and experiment gives the magnitude of the internal rf field in the junction. Together with the applied rf field, this internal rf field leads to the junction rf impedance which is dominated by the junction capacitance in our experimental condition. In the case of lumped junctions, this experimental rf impedance is in reasonable agreement with the theoretical one with the junction capacitance estimated from the Fiske step of the distributed junction fabricated on the same substrate; the obtained ratio of the experimental impedance to the theoretical one is approximately 0.6–1.7. In the case of distributed junctions, however, experimental values of their characteristic impedances are approximately 0.2–0.3 of theoretical values calculated by assuming the one-dimensional junction model and taking account of the standing-wave effect in the junction.

Journal of Applied Physics•May 1, 1982•3 citations
The electric coupling and the magnetic coupling between the Josephson tunnel junction and applied microwaves have been studied separately. The theoretical analysis (based on the forced vibration model) and experimental results indicate that for a half-wavelength junction only even microwave-induced steps can be obtained under magnetic coupling, but for the electric coupling, odd steps appear simultaneously, and that for an integral wavelength junction only even steps can be observed under the two couplings. The efficiency of the electric coupling, according to the theory and the experimental results, is found to be better than that of the magnetic coupling for the Nb-NbO/sub x/-Pb junction.
The intrinsic response of Josephson junctions to microwave and far-infrared radiation is studied. Junctions are formed by pressing a Nb or Nb-Ti pointed wire onto a Nb thin film which in turn is pressed against the open end of a waveguide. Electromagnetic radiation is applied through the back of the film so that only the wave magnetic field is coupled to the junction. The change of the dc Josephson current is monitored at different levels of microwave power over a frequency range from 22 to 105 GHz. The dependence of the responsivity of these currents on film thickness over a range from 50 to 500 Å is studied. The observed responsivity agrees very well with that predicted by theory. Higher responsivity is observed for thinner films and lower microwave frequencies. The observed responsivity of a 50-Å film junction at 22 GHz is (6±3) ×10−2 V/W. To facilitate comparison of our results with other experiments, a more conventional coupling configuration in which the wave electric field rather than the wave magnetic field is coupled to the junction is studied. The results are comparable with other experiments with the responsivity in the E field coupling case 106 times larger than in the B field coupling configuration. We demonstrate that for successful use of simple Josephson junction detectors in the microwave and millimeter region it seems crucial to impedance match the junctions to the radiation source, probably by making them a part of a resonant structure.
The microwave response of the dc quasiparticle tunneling current in Josephson tunnel junctions, where the Josephson current is suppressed by an external magnetic field, has been studied quantitatively in order to clarify its characteristics as a probe for the measurement of the junction capacitance. Extensive experiments for both small and long junctions are carried out for distinguishing between microwave behaviors of lumped and distributed constant junctions. It is shown that the observed voltage dependence of the dc quasiparticle tunneling current modified by an applied rf field is in good agreement with a theoretical result which takes into account the influence of the microwave circuit connected to the junction. The comparison between theory and experiment gives the magnitude of the internal rf field in the junction. Together with the applied rf field, this internal rf field leads to the junction rf impedance which is dominated by the junction capacitance in our experimental condition. In the case of lumped junctions, this experimental rf impedance is in reasonable agreement with the theoretical one with the junction capacitance estimated from the Fiske step of the distributed junction fabricated on the same substrate; the obtained ratio of the experimental impedance to the theoretical one is approximately 0.6–1.7. In the case of distributed junctions, however, experimental values of their characteristic impedances are approximately 0.2–0.3 of theoretical values calculated by assuming the one-dimensional junction model and taking account of the standing-wave effect in the junction.