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Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications

Lightweight and secure PUF-based authenticated key agreement scheme for smart grid

Mahdi Tahavori, Farokhlagha Moazami

Published May 29, 2020• 27 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s12083-020-00911-8

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The IoT-enabled Smart Grid uses IoT smart devices to collect the private electricity data of consumers and send it to service providers over the public network, which leads to some new security problems. To ensure the communication security in a smart grid, many researches are focusing on using authentication and key agreement protocols to protect against cyber attacks. Unfortunately, most of them are vulnerable to various attacks. In this paper, we analyze the security of an existent protocol by introducing an insider attacker, and show that their scheme cannot guarantee the claimed security requirements under their adversary model. Then, we present an improved lightweight authentication and key agreement protocol, which aims to enhance the security of IoT-enabled smart grid systems. Furthermore, we proved the security of the scheme under the real-or-random oracle model. The result shown that the improved scheme is secure in the presence of both internal attackers and external attackers. Compared with the original protocol, the new protocol is more secure, while keeping the same computation efficiency. Both of them are 0.0552 ms. The communication of the new protocol is 236 bytes, which is acceptable in smart grids. In other words, with similar communication and computation cost, we proposed a more secure protocol for smart grids.

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The extensive value and importance of smart grids are evident in their transformative impact on sustainable urban development. However, the swift progression of quantum computing has made the security and privacy of smart grid communications a pressing and vital issue. Although considerable studies have been carried out on authentication and key agreement within smart grids, the predominant body of solutions either come with substantial computation, communication, and storage overheads, or are primarily single-layer schemes. More importantly, they are not designed to withstand advanced quantum attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum-safe and cross-layer authentication and key agreement protocol, named QCLaka, for smart grid communications that overcomes the shortcomings of existing approaches and offers advanced security and functionality features. The proposed QCLakaprotocol integrates lattice-based cryptography with probability physical unclonable function (Prob-PUF) to enable the local gateway and the smart meter to mutually authenticate each other and establish a secure session key. The security of the proposed QCLakaprotocol is assessed through formal security verification to highlight its safety in adversarial environments and its ability to withstand both well-known and advanced cyberattacks. Additionally, the experimental evaluation shows that the proposed QCLakaprotocol outperforms the benchmark schemes regarding the performance in security and efficiency.
The IoT-enabled Smart Grid uses IoT smart devices to collect the private electricity data of consumers and send it to service providers over the public network, which leads to some new security problems. To ensure the communication security in a smart grid, many researches are focusing on using authentication and key agreement protocols to protect against cyber attacks. Unfortunately, most of them are vulnerable to various attacks. In this paper, we analyze the security of an existent protocol by introducing an insider attacker, and show that their scheme cannot guarantee the claimed security requirements under their adversary model. Then, we present an improved lightweight authentication and key agreement protocol, which aims to enhance the security of IoT-enabled smart grid systems. Furthermore, we proved the security of the scheme under the real-or-random oracle model. The result shown that the improved scheme is secure in the presence of both internal attackers and external attackers. Compared with the original protocol, the new protocol is more secure, while keeping the same computation efficiency. Both of them are 0.0552 ms. The communication of the new protocol is 236 bytes, which is acceptable in smart grids. In other words, with similar communication and computation cost, we proposed a more secure protocol for smart grids.