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Engineering the nonlinear response of a metal nanoparticle dimer using the Electromagnetically Induced Trasparency (EIT)

Deniz Türkpençe, Alpan Bek, Mehmet Emre Taşgın

Published Nov 4, 2013• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We show that, nonlinear optical processes in a plasmonic metal nanoparticle (MNP) dimer can be controlled by the presence of a molecule or a quantum dot. (i) Frequency conversion can be suppressed if the dimer is coupled to a quantum object which is resonant to the generated frequency. This occurs simply because, EIT does not allow an excitation at the converted frequency frequency. (ii) On the contrary, a similar effect can be used to enhance the frequency conversion. Nonlinear processes can be brought to resonance without tuning the dimer modes. Path interference effect cancels the nonresonant frequency terms. Here, we consider the second harmonic generation (SHG) as an example to demonstrate the control mechanism. However, the method can be easily generalized to other nonlinear processes.

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We show that, nonlinear optical processes in a plasmonic metal nanoparticle (MNP) dimer can be controlled by the presence of a molecule or a quantum dot. (i) Frequency conversion can be suppressed if the dimer is coupled to a quantum object which is resonant to the generated frequency. This occurs simply because, EIT does not allow an excitation at the converted frequency frequency. (ii) On the contrary, a similar effect can be used to enhance the frequency conversion. Nonlinear processes can be brought to resonance without tuning the dimer modes. Path interference effect cancels the nonresonant frequency terms. Here, we consider the second harmonic generation (SHG) as an example to demonstrate the control mechanism. However, the method can be easily generalized to other nonlinear processes.
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In the present work, we theoretically/numerically study the optical second-order sideband generation in a hybrid structure consisting of a semiconductor quantum dot (QD) conjugated with DNA molecules, and coupled to a solid metallic nanoparticle (MNP) or a metallic nanoshell (MNS) with core-shell geometry. The hybrid system is driven by a strong control (pump) laser field and a weak signal (probe) field. The dynamics of the system is analyzed using the Heisenberg equation of motion in the frame of rotating wave approximation. We discuss the role of plasmon-exciton interaction in enhancing third- and fifth-order nonlinear susceptibilities through the nonlinear optical response of the system and the effects of the presence of a MNP or a MNS near the QD-DNA system on the nonlinear optical absorption spectrum is investigated. We demonstrate that the second-order sideband is generated, and the hybrid system considered here enables robust control and tunability of the second-order sidebands. It is shown that the second-order sideband spectrum (or absorption) is significantly affected by plasmonic nanoparticle size, the interparticle distance, the control field (Rabi frequency ), and the control-exciton detuning.
The self-Kerr nonlinear optical response of a probe field is investigated in the presence of a near-resonant pump field in coupled metal nanoparticle (MNP)–semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) nanostructures. The study of the spectra is based on the solution of the resulted density matrix equations for the case of a colloidal CdSe-based SQD–(Au)MNP molecule, as well as for an epitaxial SQD structure coupled to an Au nanoparticle. It is demonstrated that below a critical value of the interparticle distance the susceptibility of each distinct component of the structure exhibits a characteristic single-resonance spectrum, whereas above this value, the spectrum has three resonances. This phenomenon can be understood in terms of the theory of exciton–plasmon quantum metastates. In addition, the conditions under which optical transparency occurs with a concurrent positive self-phase-modulation coefficient are also identified.
The emergence of hybrid nanostructures has paved a novel path for the development of nanotechnology and next-generation quantum devices.In this study, we report a remarkable enhancement of nonlinear diffraction achieved within a hybrid artificial molecule consisting of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP).Our findings reveal that the optical nonlinear properties of the hybrid system can be substantially enhanced due to the plasmon resonance of MNP.Specifically, reducing the interparticle distance and the SQD's size while increasing the MNP's size leads to a significant enhancement in the nonlinear phase modulation of the hybrid system.Meanwhile, the absorption spectra exhibit a redshift accompanied by linewidth broadening under the SQD-MNP coupling interaction controlled by geometric parameters, indicating plasmon-exciton energy transfer.On this basis, it is validated that the enhanced nonlinear phase modulation greatly improves the self-imaging visibility and the signal-to-noise ratio, and extends the near-field pattern over more Talbot lengths.We also demonstrate that the far-field diffraction efficiency is tunable via the coupling interaction between the artificial molecule and external fields, which is determined by the geometric structure, photon detuning, and Rabi frequency.For instance, the first-order diffraction efficiency can be increased from 39.58% to 55% if the geometric parameters of the hybrid system satisfy the threshold in non-resonance conditions.Such plasmon-enhanced optical lattices show potential for applications in all-optical modulators and all-optical switches operating at few-photon levels, and may also afford a novel perspective for the design and development of nanophotonics circuits and topological photonic devices.
We have investigated the second-harmonic generation (SHG) and dipole-dipole interaction in a quantum dot and metallic nanoparticle hybrid system. A strong probe field is applied to create two-photon absorption in the quantum dot and metallic nanoparticle. SHG photons and SHG surface plasmon polaritons are emitted by the quantum dot and metallic nanoparticle, respectively. Induced dipoles are created in the quantum dot and the metallic nanoparticle due to two-photon absorption and hence both systems interact with each other via the dipole-dipole interaction. It is found that SHG signals produced by the quantum dot and nanoparticle are enhanced by the dipole-dipole interaction and also that the SHG signal can be switched on and off by applying a control field. The theoretical findings of this paper are supported by recent experimental studies. The present hybrid system can be used to fabricate nano-sensors and all-optical nano-switching devices.
We theoretically investigated optical third-order nonlinearity of a coherently coupled exciton-plasmon hybrid system under a strong control field with a weak probe field. The analytic formulas of exciton population and effective third-order optical susceptibility of the hybrid of a metal nanoparticle (MNP) and a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) were deduced. The bistable exciton population and the induced bistable nonlinear absorption and refraction response were revealed. The bistability region can be tuned by adjusting the size of metal nanoparticle, interparticle distance and intensity of control field. Our results have perspective applications in optical information processing based on resonant coupling of exciton-plasmon.