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International Journal of High Performance Systems Architecture

Towards designing quantum reversible 32-bit MIPS register file

Mohammad Samadi Gharajeh, Majid Haghparast

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Reversible circuit design can be applied in various emerging technologies such as quantum computing. Since researchers have proposed many building blocks and designed small circuits (e.g., reversible full adder) already, it is the time to design large-scale reversible circuits. This paper proposes a novel quantum reversible 32-bit MIPS register file for quantum computer processors. It presents a reversible 5-to-32 decoder, 32 reversible buffer registers, and two reversible 32-to-1 multiplexers, too. The proposed reversible decoder block, namely GH-DEC, and the proposed reversible multiplexer block, namely GH-MUX, use the Feynman, Toffoli, and Fredkin gates. They have been designed by a minimum number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs, and quantum cost. Besides, output expressions of all the circuits are simplified to enhance the performance of proposed quantum design, considerably. Comparison results show that the proposed reversible design surpasses the existing works in terms of the number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs, and quantum cost.

DOI
10.1504/ijhpsa.2020.10029187

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Reversible circuit design can be applied in various emerging technologies such as quantum computing. Since researchers have proposed many building blocks and designed small circuits (e.g., reversible full adder) already, it is the time to design large-scale reversible circuits. This paper proposes a novel quantum reversible 32-bit MIPS register file for quantum computer processors. It presents a reversible 5-to-32 decoder, 32 reversible buffer registers, and two reversible 32-to-1 multiplexers, too. The proposed reversible decoder block, namely GH-DEC, and the proposed reversible multiplexer block, namely GH-MUX, use the Feynman, Toffoli, and Fredkin gates. They have been designed by a minimum number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs, and quantum cost. Besides, output expressions of all the circuits are simplified to enhance the performance of proposed quantum design, considerably. Comparison results show that the proposed reversible design surpasses the existing works in terms of the number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs, and quantum cost.
Reversible logic circuits have received significant attention in quantum computing, low power CMOS design, optical information processing, DNA computing, bioinformatics, and nanotechnology. This paper presents two new 4 × 4 bit reversible multiplier designs which have lower hardware complexity, less garbage bits, less quantum cost and less constant inputs than previous ones, and can be generalized to construct efficient reversible n × n bit multipliers. An implementation of reversible HNG is also presented. This implementation shows that the full adder design using HNG is one of the best designs in term of quantum cost. An implementation of MKG is also presented in order to have a fair comparison between our proposed reversible multiplier designs and the existing counterparts. The proposed reversible multipliers are optimized in terms of quantum cost, number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs and hardware complexity. They can be used to construct more complex systems in nanotechnology.
In the context of modern Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) technology, information loss has been a major concern. Logic gates (LG) such as AND, OR, and NOT have been found to result in information loss during their operations. To address this issue, reversible LGs have been created. The development and implementation of a high-speed, efficient full adder circuit employing reversible LGs like Feynman, Toffoli, and Peres gates. The design aims to improve computational and thermal efficiencies. The circuit refarding quantum costs (QC), garbage outputs, and ancillary inputs. The implemented the suggested design in Verilog and verified the entire adder's functionality and efficiency through simulations using the Xilinx Vivado and Xilinx ISE tools. The circuit has a quantum cost of 10 with two outputs of useless and one auxiliary input, according to the researchers, highlighting its opportunities for usage in quantum computing applications andlow-power (dec 84%), high-performance computing systems.
Reversible computation differs from traditional computation in that it preserves information while manipulating it. This new design paradigm has very attractive thermodynamic consequences and holds many applications in current and emerging technologies. Modern computers can reduce power consumption by taking advantage of reversibility, and quantum computers operate reversibly. Researchers have already proposed reversible designs of many common arithmetic and logical units, including adders, multipliers, shifters, and even registers. Very little focused work has been done specifically on reversible encoder/decoder design. In this paper we propose a novel reversible encoder/decoder design and analyze it in terms of its quantum cost, garbage outputs, constant inputs, and quantum delay.
Reversible logic is becoming increasingly important with the rise of technologies like quantum computing, as it retains information during computation and maintains a direct match between each input and its corresponding output. Quantum circuits are inherently reversible and the best computational model in quantum computing systems. Quantum computers require quantum processors. A critical component of any computer's processor is the arithmetic component, that handles binary operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Notably, multiplication can be accomplished by repeatedly adding, while division can be carried out by repeatedly subtracting. This paper proposes a new design of quantum-controlled adder/subtractor (QCAS) with efficient quantum criteria like delay, quantum cost, number of ancilla and of garbage outputs. We propose a quantum reversible controlled full adder/subtractor block which is applied to construct an n-bit quantum adder/subtractor circuit. The proposed circuit is simulated using the Quirk online tool and the result confirms the accuracy of the design. This design achieves 28.5% and 61.3% improvement in delay and garbage outputs, and 14% and 41.2% increase in quantum cost and constant input, compared to its counterpart, respectively.
Reversible circuits are one of the most promising technologies for replicating inputs from recorded outputs, and it results in lower power dissipation. All gates such as NAND, AND, OR, NOR etc. are irreversible in nature and consume energy during calculations. Similar to quantum circuits, reversible logic circuitry does not consume energy throughout the calculation cycle. Due to this, reversible circuits can be used for quantum communication and other low-power applications. Registers are one of the most important storage components utilised in a wide range of real-time operations. Using expressions of exclusive-or sum of products (ESOP) and modified Fredkin gates, this work presents a novel way for creating a quantum cost-effective universal register circuit. The designed universal register circuitry for left and right shifts are tested in the Xilinx Vivado simulator to ensure that they are functional and logically correct. The proposed universal registers outperform the standard designs in terms of garbage outputs (GO), quantum cost (QC), gate count (GC), and Ancilla inputs (AI), according to the comparative analysis.
Reversible logic is becoming increasingly important with the rise of technologies like quantum computing, as it retains information during computation and maintains a one-to-one mapping between input and output patterns. Quantum circuits are inherently reversible and the best computational model in quantum computing systems. Some quantum signal processing applications like filters and image processing applications require the results of arithmetic operations to be saturated. Saturation occurs when adding two numbers with the same sign and this can be done through a quantum saturating adder. This paper proposed a reversible quantum saturating adder with efficient quantum criteria like quantum cost, number of ancilla, and number of garbage outputs. We firstly propose a reversible n-bit quantum saturation generator block which is applied to a quantum adder and construct a quantum saturating adder circuit. The proposed circuit is simulated using the Quirk online tool and the result confirms the accuracy of the design. This design achieves 18% and 33% improvement in quantum cost and garbage outputs, compared to its counterpart, respectively.