Several recent experiments have demonstrated the promise of atomic ensembles for quantum teleportation and quantum memory. In these cases, the collective internal state of the atoms is well described by continuous variables corresponding to the operators
X1,P1 and the interaction with the optical field
(X2,P2) by a quadratic Hamiltonian
X1X2. We show how this interaction can be used optimally to create entanglement and squeezing. We derive conditions for the efficient simulation of quadratic Hamiltonians and the engineering of all Gaussian operations and states.
We study the full time evolution of a system of two modes of a bosonic quantum field that interact through quadratic hamiltonians. We specialise to a time dependent two-mode squeezing Hamiltonian where the coupling is switched on and off smoothly. We find the analytical solutions to the time evolution after the interaction is turned off, which apply to arbitrary coupling functions. We investigate the final state of the system and compute all physically relevant quantities, such as average particle number, entanglement and change in energy. Our techniques can be applied to a wide range of scenarios, which include implementations of time dependent two-mode squeezing, coupled harmonic oscillators, harmonic oscillators coupled to light. Furthermore, these techniques can be extended to more complicated time-dependent quadratic Hamiltonians. We briefly discuss possible applications within the area of relativistic and quantum information.