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European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)

Ultra precise characterization of a novel integrated high-order W-state generation device

René Heilmann, Markus Gräfe, Stefan Nolte, Alexander Szameit

Published Jun 21, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Entanglement is one of the most astonishing phenomenons in quantum mechanics and represents the foundation for various fields as quantum computation and simulation [1–3]. Along these lines, multipartite entangled states gained a growing interest in modern physics since they come along with applications reaching from quantum teleportation to genuine random number generation [4–6]. One specific class of such states is a W-state where, e.g., one photon is shared among N optical waveguide modes.

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Entanglement is one of the most astonishing phenomenons in quantum mechanics and represents the foundation for various fields as quantum computation and simulation [1–3]. Along these lines, multipartite entangled states gained a growing interest in modern physics since they come along with applications reaching from quantum teleportation to genuine random number generation [4–6]. One specific class of such states is a W-state where, e.g., one photon is shared among N optical waveguide modes.
Quantum teleportation represents a key protocol for several tasks in quantum information processing. Theoretically proposed in [1], it was successfully demonstrated with qubits encoded in various degrees of freedom and platforms. However, its implementation with qubits in the photon-number encoding is challenging, since their preparation is unfeasible with linear optics. Indeed, only entangled states could be teleported in previous teleportation demonstrations in this encoding [2], which has been raising a growing interest in quantum computation and communication tasks due to the recent technological improvements in single-photon generation and detection efficiency. On the other hand, quantum dot-based single-photon sources are raising attractivity due not only to their high generation rates, single-photon purity, and high photon indistinguishability, but also to their capability to generate coherent superpositions of photon-number states when driven in the resonance fluorescence regime [3].
Access to genuine multipartite entanglement of quantum states enables advances in quantum information science and also contributes to the understanding of strongly correlated quantum systems. We report the detection and characterization of heralded entanglement in a multipartite quantum state composed of four spatially distinct optical modes that share one photon, a so-called W state. By randomizing the relative phase between bipartite components of the W state, we observed the transitions from four- to three- to two-mode entanglement with increasing phase noise. These observations are possible for our system because our entanglement verification protocol makes use of quantum uncertainty relations to detect the entangled states that span the Hilbert space of interest.