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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Bandwidth analysis of optical parametric amplifier pumped by broadband pulses

Viktorija Tamulienė, Rytis Butkus, A. Stabinis

Published Mar 27, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present analytical solutions to nonlinear coupling equations for parametric down-conversion of a broadband pump at large gain. The feasibility of analytical expressions is demonstrated for the case of a collinear type II parametric interaction in beta-barium borate crystal and group-velocity matching of signal and pump waves. The correlation function of amplified signal wave is obtained, and it is revealed that the bandwidth of a noise-seeded optical parametric amplifier increases with a decrease in pump pulse duration, especially for femtosecond pump pulses.

DOI
10.1364/josab.387592

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We present analytical solutions to nonlinear coupling equations for parametric down-conversion of a broadband pump at large gain. The feasibility of analytical expressions is demonstrated for the case of a collinear type II parametric interaction in beta-barium borate crystal and group-velocity matching of signal and pump waves. The correlation function of amplified signal wave is obtained, and it is revealed that the bandwidth of a noise-seeded optical parametric amplifier increases with a decrease in pump pulse duration, especially for femtosecond pump pulses.
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A concept for an ultra-broad-band optical parametric amplifier or oscillator has emerged as a by-product of a theoretical study in fundamental quantum optics. The study was originally intended to address the question of whether the two-photon temporal correlation function of light [in particular, light produced by spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC)] can be considerably narrower than the inverse of the spectral width (bandwidth) of the light. The answer to the question was found to be negative. More specifically, on the basis of the universal integral relations between the quantum two-photon temporal correlation and the classical spectrum of light, it was found that the lower limit of two-photon correlation time is set approximately by the inverse of the bandwidth. The mathematical solution for the minimum two-photon correlation time also provides the minimum relative frequency dispersion of the down-converted light components; in turn, the minimum relative frequency dispersion translates to the maximum bandwidth, which is important for the design of an ultra-broad-band optical parametric oscillator or amplifier. In the study, results of an analysis of the general integral relations were applied in the case of an optically nonlinear, frequency-dispersive crystal in which SPDC produces collinear photons. Equations were found for the crystal orientation and pump wavelength, specific for each parametric-down-converting crystal, that eliminate the relative frequency dispersion of collinear degenerate (equal-frequency) signal and idler components up to the fourth order in the frequency-detuning parameter
Our previous work had proved pump field noise coupling in the seed field injected optical parametric amplifier (OPA) at a certain analysis frequency. Inspired by this noise coupling mechanism, the frequency dependent squeezing factor due to excess pump noise was experimentally demonstrated. Apart from a reduced squeezing level with an increased noise, the results also prove that a broadband squeezing noise spectrum is not frequency dependent on the amplitude modulated pump field, but limited by the bandwidth of the amplitude modulator and OPA resonator, and the effective measurement is carried out in the frequency range of 2–10 MHz. It provides a guidance to design a broader-bandwidth, higher-level bright squeezed light.
We present a parametric down-conversion (PDC) process in a nonlinear ß-barium borate (BBO) crystal, driven by two non-collinear pump beams, obtained from a Mach-Zehnder type interferometer. We show the possibility to reproduce in a bulk crystal a phenomenology analogue to that previously observed in a PDC process inside a χ 2 2D nonlinear photonic crystal (NPC) [1] , [2] . Each pump mode generates a family of cones of parametric radiation collinear with its direction. The intersection zones define an ensemble of modes shared by the two pumps, indistinguishably populated by the photons generated by pump 1 or by pump 2. As in [1] , in the high-gain regime these two possibilities sum up coherently, leading to a local increase of the parametric gain. Indeed we observe an unusual far-field distribution of the down-converted light, in the form of three bright branches of hot-spots against a more diffuse background [3] .