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Change of Population of Zeeman Sublevels of the Excited State of CaF 2 :Eu 2+ Pumped with Polarized Light

B. P. Zakharchenya, A. Ya. Ryskin, Yu. A. Stepanov

Published Dec 1, 1969• 0 citations
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Influence of the pumping field polarization on the coherent effects at Zeeman sublevels of hyperfine states in Rb

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In this communication we present experimental investigation of coherent effects at Zeeman sublevels of hyperfine levels of Rb in dependence on the polarization of the pumping laser field in order to obtain more complete information about the dark and bright CPT resonances. The coherent effects are examined in Hanle effect configuration, exciting Rb vapor cell with a single-frequency diode laser. By means of phase-sensitive detection (PSD) the amplitude and sign of the CPT resonances are registered in the vicinity of the Rb D1 and D2 lines. It is shown that the sign of the CPT resonances changes when the polarization of the exciting beam changes. Theoretical calculations are performed for the population losses of the given transition in order to clarify the observed experimental results.

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Optical Methods of Atomic Orientation and of Magnetic Resonance*

Alfred Kastler

In the optical excitation of atoms with polarized light, producing excited atoms, only some of the Zeeman sublevels of the excited state are actually reached, so that large differences of population can be built up between Zeeman sublevels or between hyperfine structure (hfs) levels. This property can be used to detect radio-frequency resonance in optically excited atomic states. These resonances produce a characteristic change in intensity or in the degree of polarization of the light re-emitted. Zeeman intervals, Stark effects, and hfs intervals can be measured in this manner. (The Stark constant of the 63P1 level of Hg and the electric quadrupole moments of the alkali atoms have been obtained in this way.)The technique of “optical pumping” gives a way to concentrate atoms in some of the Zeeman sublevels of one of the hfs levels of the ground state.Atomic orientation has been obtained with the Na atom, in an atomic beam and in the vapor in equilibrium with the metal. The orientation effects have been studied by detection of radio-frequency resonance signals in the ground state. Orientation can be increased many times by adding a variable pressure of a foreign gas to the pure Na vapor. Because of the coupling between nuclear spin and electron spin, nuclear orientation is produced at the same time as atomic orientation.

Journal of the Optical Society of America•Jun 1, 1957•223 citations
In this communication we present experimental investigation of coherent effects at Zeeman sublevels of hyperfine levels of Rb in dependence on the polarization of the pumping laser field in order to obtain more complete information about the dark and bright CPT resonances. The coherent effects are examined in Hanle effect configuration, exciting Rb vapor cell with a single-frequency diode laser. By means of phase-sensitive detection (PSD) the amplitude and sign of the CPT resonances are registered in the vicinity of the Rb D1 and D2 lines. It is shown that the sign of the CPT resonances changes when the polarization of the exciting beam changes. Theoretical calculations are performed for the population losses of the given transition in order to clarify the observed experimental results.
In the optical excitation of atoms with polarized light, producing excited atoms, only some of the Zeeman sublevels of the excited state are actually reached, so that large differences of population can be built up between Zeeman sublevels or between hyperfine structure (hfs) levels. This property can be used to detect radio-frequency resonance in optically excited atomic states. These resonances produce a characteristic change in intensity or in the degree of polarization of the light re-emitted. Zeeman intervals, Stark effects, and hfs intervals can be measured in this manner. (The Stark constant of the 63P1 level of Hg and the electric quadrupole moments of the alkali atoms have been obtained in this way.)The technique of “optical pumping” gives a way to concentrate atoms in some of the Zeeman sublevels of one of the hfs levels of the ground state.Atomic orientation has been obtained with the Na atom, in an atomic beam and in the vapor in equilibrium with the metal. The orientation effects have been studied by detection of radio-frequency resonance signals in the ground state. Orientation can be increased many times by adding a variable pressure of a foreign gas to the pure Na vapor. Because of the coupling between nuclear spin and electron spin, nuclear orientation is produced at the same time as atomic orientation.