Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Spatially structured transparency and transfer of optical vortices via four-wave mixing in a quantum-dot nanostructure

Rahmatullah Rahmatullah, Muqaddar Abbas, Ziauddin Ziauddin, Sajid Qamar

Published Feb 14, 2020• 73 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme to generate structured light using a medium consisting of semiconductor quantum dots via four-wave mixing (FWM). We consider a four-level quantum-dot structure where two strong electromagnetic fields couple upper-level biexciton transitions, whereas a weak field is applied to one of the ground-level exciton transitions. A weak signal field is generated, corresponding to a second ground-level exciton transition; thus the overall configuration transforms into a closed-loop diamond-type shape. To realize a spatially dependent modulating quantum-dot medium, we consider strong coupling fields as structured lights and investigate different regions of spatially structured electromagnetically induced transparency via absorption of the generated signal field. The azimuthal phase-dependent modulation of the absorption profile of the generated signal field is the key factor behind the creation of structured light. In addition, we also demonstrate transfer of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the control beam to the generated beam through the FWM process and study the effect of phase mismatch on efficiency of the OAM transfer.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.101.023821

Related papers

Manipulation of Coherent Optical Phenomena and the Generation of Orbital Angular Momentum-Based Four-Wave Mixing Signal Using Structured Light

Samim Akhtar, Jayanta K. Saha, Md. Mabud Hossain

Abstract We study various coherent optical properties, e.g., two-photon electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and three-photon electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption (TPEIT/TPEIA), in a four-level ladder (Ξ)-type system of 87Rb atoms, where the probe and control fields are Gaussian-shaped laser beams and the pump field is structured laser beam. Additionally, the generated four-wave mixing (FWM) signal has been studied. Interestingly, it is found that the generated FWM signal is spatially structured along with the azimuthal phase, which carries the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light. It is also observed that the coherent optical responses (EIT, TPEIT/TPEIA, and FWM signals) can be manipulated by utilizing the OAM number of the pump beam as a control knob.

Physics of Wave Phenomena•Aug 1, 2025•0 citations

Azimuthal phase-dependent electromagnetically induced transparency and the generation of spatial light in a microwave-assisted four-level Y-type system

Samim Akhtar, Jayanta K. Saha, Md. Mabud Hossain

Abstract We present an azimuthal phase-dependent scheme to study the spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and the generation of spatial light in a closed-loop four-level Y-type system. A structured control beam and a microwave (MW) field are adopted in the closed-loop structure. Interestingly, the weak non-vortex probe beam responses explicitly depend on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the control beam along with the MW-assisted quantum interference. The regions of spatially dependent EIT are demonstrated at different azimuthal angles. It is found that the intensity of the structured control beam and the relative phase arising out of the beams participating in the closed-loop can be used as the controlling knobs to tailor the shape and the angular location of the spatially dependent EIT.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Feb 21, 2024•6 citations

Arbitrary vector beam generation in semiconductor quantum dots

Samit Kumar Hazra, Pradyumna K. Pathak, Tarak Nath Dey

We propose an arbitrary vector beam (VB) generation scheme in a thin disk-shaped quantum dot (QD) medium considering phonon interaction. The QD biexciton system exhibits the interplay between first- and third-order nonlinear susceptibility between two orthogonal circular polarization transitions. Three QD transitions are coupled with one applied weak and two strong control orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying fields. Therefore, the applied field experiences absorption, and a new field with the desired OAM is generated via four-wave mixing (FWM). These two orthogonal field superpositions produce VB at the QD medium end. We also demonstrate the polarization rotation of a VB by changing only the relative control field phase. Additionally, we analyze the effect of temperature on the VB generation.

arXiv:2407.05756•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•Jan 14, 2025•1 citation

A five-level cold atomic system for the orbital angular momentum exchange based on a four-wave mixing setup

E Ali, Suhair Mohammad Husein Kamona, Talib Kh. Hussein +7 more

Abstract In this paper, we suggest a theoretical model for the exchange of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state of laser fields in a real cold atomic system for realization in an experimental setup. By using four-wave mixing (FWM) processes, we study the spatial dependence of the new weak generated signal light under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions when one of the laser lights becomes an optical vortex. We discuss the spatial dependence of FWM processes via experimental parameters for different conditions of the OAM of vortex light. We have found that the intensity and phase distributions of the new generated light depends strongly on the OAM number of the optical vortex light. Moreover, we investigate the absorption spectrum of the new generated signal light for different OAM of the optical vortex light. Our obtained results may have potential applications in quantum information science.

Laser Physics•Nov 24, 2023•2 citations

All-optical generation of structured light beams via microwave-field-controlled electromagnetically induced transparency

Onkar N. Verma, Niti Kant

We investigate theoretically a scheme for all-optical generation of structured light beams with and without a microwave field in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium composed of rubidium atoms. In a conventional EIT system, two optical fields (namely, a strong control field and a weak probe field) drive two electric-dipole-allowed transitions of an atom to form a three-level system in a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration. At EIT resonance, we found that a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) control beam induces a radial modulation of probe's absorption profile in such way that a Gaussian probe beam is reshaped into a hollow-Gaussian beam following the position-selective absorption. The transmitted probe beam has a doughnut-shaped intensity structure similar to that LG beam whereas the phase profile is still a spherical wave. Moreover, the presence of a microwave field between two ground states of three-level system leads to a closed-loop system, and probe response is modified with an additional term proportional to the amplitudes of Rabi frequencies of control and microwave fields, and relative phase of three fields. This term acts as driving field which is responsible for the generation of a vortex probe beam having a helical phase profile. We have further shown that the amplitude and helical phase of generated vortex beam can be manipulated by changing the relative phase of applied fields and temperature of the vapor cell. The present study may provide a useful tool for creation of structured light beams with and without orbital angular momentum.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 2024•10 citations

Spatially structured optical effects in semiconductor quantum dots via biexciton coherence

Khalid Mujasam Batoo, F. Al-dolaimy, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid +7 more

Abstract In this paper, we study the spatially structured optical effects that occur when weak laser lights interact with coherently prepared semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs). Initially, the SQD is prepared in a coherent superposition of the lower exciton states. By utilizing two weak optical vortex fields that couple to a biexciton state, we observe spatially dependent effects of the absorption of probe fields. Using the well-established Maxwell–Bloch equations, we analyze the generation of composite optical vortex beams within this system. Our investigation revolves around the formation of different types of spatially dependent beams, exploring their properties and characteristics. Additionally, the transfer of optical vortices through the parametric generation process is examined, for the case where only one vortex beam is present at the beginning of the medium. This study provides insights into the spatially structured optical phenomena in coherently prepared SQDs and contributes to the understanding of light–matter interactions in such systems.

Laser Physics•Sep 7, 2023•2 citations
We propose a scheme to generate structured light using a medium consisting of semiconductor quantum dots via four-wave mixing (FWM). We consider a four-level quantum-dot structure where two strong electromagnetic fields couple upper-level biexciton transitions, whereas a weak field is applied to one of the ground-level exciton transitions. A weak signal field is generated, corresponding to a second ground-level exciton transition; thus the overall configuration transforms into a closed-loop diamond-type shape. To realize a spatially dependent modulating quantum-dot medium, we consider strong coupling fields as structured lights and investigate different regions of spatially structured electromagnetically induced transparency via absorption of the generated signal field. The azimuthal phase-dependent modulation of the absorption profile of the generated signal field is the key factor behind the creation of structured light. In addition, we also demonstrate transfer of orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the control beam to the generated beam through the FWM process and study the effect of phase mismatch on efficiency of the OAM transfer.
Abstract We study various coherent optical properties, e.g., two-photon electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and three-photon electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption (TPEIT/TPEIA), in a four-level ladder (Ξ)-type system of 87Rb atoms, where the probe and control fields are Gaussian-shaped laser beams and the pump field is structured laser beam. Additionally, the generated four-wave mixing (FWM) signal has been studied. Interestingly, it is found that the generated FWM signal is spatially structured along with the azimuthal phase, which carries the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light. It is also observed that the coherent optical responses (EIT, TPEIT/TPEIA, and FWM signals) can be manipulated by utilizing the OAM number of the pump beam as a control knob.
Abstract We present an azimuthal phase-dependent scheme to study the spatially dependent electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and the generation of spatial light in a closed-loop four-level Y-type system. A structured control beam and a microwave (MW) field are adopted in the closed-loop structure. Interestingly, the weak non-vortex probe beam responses explicitly depend on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the control beam along with the MW-assisted quantum interference. The regions of spatially dependent EIT are demonstrated at different azimuthal angles. It is found that the intensity of the structured control beam and the relative phase arising out of the beams participating in the closed-loop can be used as the controlling knobs to tailor the shape and the angular location of the spatially dependent EIT.
We propose an arbitrary vector beam (VB) generation scheme in a thin disk-shaped quantum dot (QD) medium considering phonon interaction. The QD biexciton system exhibits the interplay between first- and third-order nonlinear susceptibility between two orthogonal circular polarization transitions. Three QD transitions are coupled with one applied weak and two strong control orbital angular momentum (OAM) carrying fields. Therefore, the applied field experiences absorption, and a new field with the desired OAM is generated via four-wave mixing (FWM). These two orthogonal field superpositions produce VB at the QD medium end. We also demonstrate the polarization rotation of a VB by changing only the relative control field phase. Additionally, we analyze the effect of temperature on the VB generation.
Abstract In this paper, we suggest a theoretical model for the exchange of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) state of laser fields in a real cold atomic system for realization in an experimental setup. By using four-wave mixing (FWM) processes, we study the spatial dependence of the new weak generated signal light under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions when one of the laser lights becomes an optical vortex. We discuss the spatial dependence of FWM processes via experimental parameters for different conditions of the OAM of vortex light. We have found that the intensity and phase distributions of the new generated light depends strongly on the OAM number of the optical vortex light. Moreover, we investigate the absorption spectrum of the new generated signal light for different OAM of the optical vortex light. Our obtained results may have potential applications in quantum information science.
We investigate theoretically a scheme for all-optical generation of structured light beams with and without a microwave field in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium composed of rubidium atoms. In a conventional EIT system, two optical fields (namely, a strong control field and a weak probe field) drive two electric-dipole-allowed transitions of an atom to form a three-level system in a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration. At EIT resonance, we found that a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) control beam induces a radial modulation of probe's absorption profile in such way that a Gaussian probe beam is reshaped into a hollow-Gaussian beam following the position-selective absorption. The transmitted probe beam has a doughnut-shaped intensity structure similar to that LG beam whereas the phase profile is still a spherical wave. Moreover, the presence of a microwave field between two ground states of three-level system leads to a closed-loop system, and probe response is modified with an additional term proportional to the amplitudes of Rabi frequencies of control and microwave fields, and relative phase of three fields. This term acts as driving field which is responsible for the generation of a vortex probe beam having a helical phase profile. We have further shown that the amplitude and helical phase of generated vortex beam can be manipulated by changing the relative phase of applied fields and temperature of the vapor cell. The present study may provide a useful tool for creation of structured light beams with and without orbital angular momentum.
Abstract In this paper, we study the spatially structured optical effects that occur when weak laser lights interact with coherently prepared semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs). Initially, the SQD is prepared in a coherent superposition of the lower exciton states. By utilizing two weak optical vortex fields that couple to a biexciton state, we observe spatially dependent effects of the absorption of probe fields. Using the well-established Maxwell–Bloch equations, we analyze the generation of composite optical vortex beams within this system. Our investigation revolves around the formation of different types of spatially dependent beams, exploring their properties and characteristics. Additionally, the transfer of optical vortices through the parametric generation process is examined, for the case where only one vortex beam is present at the beginning of the medium. This study provides insights into the spatially structured optical phenomena in coherently prepared SQDs and contributes to the understanding of light–matter interactions in such systems.