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International Conference on Signal Processing, Computing and Control (ISPCC)

Dual-Element Indoor VLC Network with Two-stage Secure Link Adaptation Scheme

Ambrish, Parul Garg

Published Oct 1, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The physical layer security analysis is required in visible light technology based optical wireless communication networks, in order to deal with the eavesdropping attacks. In this study, we consider an indoor VLC network consisting of two light emitting diode elements. Further, based on ability to negate the eavesdropping attacks, the source transmitter selects either of the element to transmit the information to the legitimate user in the presence of an eavesdropper. In particular, for the selection of the element with desired ability, we propose a two-stage secure link adaptation scheme. We develop a mathematical framework to analyse the average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability of both single-element and dual-element VLC links. Further, we compare the numerical results of the proposed dual-element VLC network with the conventional single-element VLC network by varying physical parameters.

DOI
10.1109/ispcc48220.2019.8988485

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The physical layer security analysis is required in visible light technology based optical wireless communication networks, in order to deal with the eavesdropping attacks. In this study, we consider an indoor VLC network consisting of two light emitting diode elements. Further, based on ability to negate the eavesdropping attacks, the source transmitter selects either of the element to transmit the information to the legitimate user in the presence of an eavesdropper. In particular, for the selection of the element with desired ability, we propose a two-stage secure link adaptation scheme. We develop a mathematical framework to analyse the average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability of both single-element and dual-element VLC links. Further, we compare the numerical results of the proposed dual-element VLC network with the conventional single-element VLC network by varying physical parameters.
In this paper, we consider an indoor environment where both visible light communication (VLC) and radio frequency (RF) networks are co-deployed. A source transmitter can use either a VLC-link or a RF-link to transmit the information to the legitimate user and we assume that an eavesdropper is also present to intercept the legitimate information transmission. Here, VLC network is considered as a primary network and RF network is used as a backup. Therefore, a source transmitter utilizes the RF-link only when VLC-link offers negative secrecy-rate for legitimate information transmission. In particular, we propose a secrecy-rate based secure link adaptation mechanism to select the RF-link. We derive the exact closed-form expressions for secrecy outage probability and system secrecy outage probability, and further, observe the effect of various physical parameters on security performance analysis.
Abstract In this paper, the physical layer security of an indoor visible light communication system, that consists of two transmission light‐emitting diodes to broadcast the information towards the legitimate user, is investigated. Further, a secure LED selection scheme is proposed to select an LED that can perform secure information broadcasting, in the presence of an active and/or passive eavesdropper. The probability of secure information broadcasting is obtained in terms of the positive secrecy rate which is defined under the constraints of known or unknown imperfect channel state information of both legitimate and eavesdropping links. The channel state information (CSI) knowledge of each transmitting link is estimated with the use of a minimum mean square error technique. The performance metrics of the system are defined in terms of the average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability parameters. Further, the performance of the system is compared with the conventional stand‐alone VLC system by varying various physical parameters. Further, analytical results are corroborated with the computer simulation results.
In order to improve the security performance of multiuser visible light communication (VLC) and facilitate the secure application of optical wireless communication technology in Internet-of-Things, we investigate the physical-layer security in a multiuser VLC system with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). When the light-emitting diode (LED) transmitter communicates with multiple legitimate users by downlink NOMA, both single eavesdropper and multi-eavesdropper scenarios are considered. In the presence of single eavesdropper, based on transmission characteristics of the optical wireless channel, with known instantaneous channel state information (CSI) of the NOMA legitimate channels and statistical CSI of the eavesdropper channel, an exact expression of secrecy outage probability (SOP) is derived, which acts as a benchmark of the security performance to guide selecting or optimizing parameters of the LED transmitter and the photodiode receiver of NOMA legitimate users. In the multi-eavesdropper case, based on the spatial distribution of legitimate users and eavesdroppers, the SOP is obtained via a stochastic geometry theory, so as to guide the NOMA legitimate users to keep away from the area with high eavesdropper density. For typical parameters of the indoor LED transmitter and the PD receiver, simulation results show that the SOP performance improves with the increasing of LED transmission power or transmission signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in both scenarios. Specifically, in the single eavesdropper case, enlarging the channel condition difference of user groups or deviating the eavesdropper from the given user group can improve the SOP performance, and for a given NOMA legitimate user, the SOP eventually settles around 0.2 while the semiangle at half illuminance of the LED varies between 15° to 60°. In the multi-eavesdropper case, we can get a better SOP performance when reducing the eavesdropper density or the semi-angle at half illuminance of the LED for a given eavesdropper density.
In the indoor scenario, visible light communications (VLC) is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for future wireless communications. Recently, the physical layer security for indoor VLC has drawn considerable attention. In this paper, the secrecy capacity of indoor VLC is analyzed. Initially, an VLC system with a transmitter, a legitimate receiver, and an eavesdropper is established. In the system, the nonnegativity, the peak optical intensity constraint and the dimmable average optical intensity constraint are considered. Based on the principle of information theory, the closed-form expressions of the upper and the lower bounds on the secrecy capacity are derived, respectively. Numerical results show that the upper and the lower bounds on secrecy capacity are very tight, which verify the accuracy of the derived closed-form expressions.
In this paper, we address the secure data transmission through visible light communication (VLC) using physical layer security (PLS) techniques and particularly, optical beamforming with the zero-forcing algorithm. More precisely, we consider the secrecy capacity of classical multiple-input single-output VLC so that the system can deal with eavesdroppers by minimizing the secrecy outage probability (SOP). The considered wireless channel is modeled by the Gaussian distribution, which is subject to amplitude constraints. We quantity the achievable secrecy capacity and SOP for the conventional line-of-sight VLC link and show that how the beamforming can determine the optimal placement of the transmitters. We also show that for a given SOP, the proposed optimal placement offers a signal-to-noise ratio gain of up to 6 dB compared to classical methods such as uniform placement of the transmitters. Our numerical results indicate that the proposed optimal LED arrangement can achieve an SOP of 10−1010^{-10}10−10 while the SOP with uniform arrangement is equal to 10−410^{-4}10−4.
This paper mainly investigates the physical layer security for visible light communication (VLC) based on spatial modulation (SM). The indoor VLC system includes multiple transmitters, a legitimate receiver and an eavesdropper. In the system, we consider two constraints of the input signal: non-negative and dimmable average optical intensity constraints. According to the principle of information theory and the spatial modulation scheme of uniform selection (US), the upper and the lower bounds on the secrecy rate for SM based VLC are derived, respectively. Numerical results show that the performance gap between the upper and lower bounds of the secrecy rate is small and relatively close, which indicates that the derived secrecy rate bounds can be used to evaluate the system performance. Moreover, when the number of transmitters is set to be one, the spatial modulation disappears, and the secrecy rate bounds in this paper are consistent with the existing results. To further improve the secrecy performance, a channel adaptive selection (CAS) scheme is proposed for selecting the active transmitter. Numerical result indicates that the CAS scheme has better performance than the US scheme.