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IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep.

Quantum noise spectrum in fiber-based nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplification considering Raman scattering

Kyo Inoue

Published Nov 14, 2019• 0 citations
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Related papers

Influence of Raman scattering on quantum noise in phase-sensitive amplification in a fiber

Kyo Inoue

IEICE Technical Report; IEICE Tech. Rep.•Nov 1, 2018•0 citations

Quantum noise spectrum in fiber-based nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplification considering phase mismatch and Raman scattering

Kyo Inoue

Wavelength dependence of quantum noise in nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplification in an optical fiber, where signal and its phase-conjugated idler lights are incident into a fiber together with pump light, is theoretically investigated. An analytical formula of the quantum-limited noise figure, that takes Raman scattering into account as well as parametric amplification, is derived based on full quantum mechanical treatment. Using the obtained formula, a calculation example of the noise figure spectrum is also presented, where the pump light phase is adjusted so that the signal gain is maximum at a phase-matched wavelength, supposing multichannel amplification.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Nov 8, 2019•3 citations

Influence of Raman scattering on quantum noise in dual-pumped phase-sensitive amplification in an optical fiber

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Phase-sensitive amplification (PSA) can provide low-noise signal amplification, and a quantum-limited noise figure of 0 dB, that is, additional noise-free amplification, is theoretically achievable. However, in fiber-based single-pumped PSA systems, it has been reported that Raman scattering in the fiber degrades the noise figure from the ideal 0 dB. In the present study, the influence of Raman scattering on quantum noise in dual-pumped degenerate PSA in a fiber is investigated. A quantum mechanical treatment starting from the Heisenberg equation of motion is developed, considering the parametric interaction and Raman interaction simultaneously, and an analytical expression for the noise figure is derived. An example of calculation is also presented, which quantitatively indicates the degradation in the noise figure due to Raman scattering.

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Raman-noise-induced quantum limits for χ^(3) nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplification and quadrature squeezing

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We present a quantum theory of nondegenerate phase-sensitive parametric amplification in a χ(3) nonlinear medium. The nonzero response time of the Kerr (χ(3)) nonlinearity determines the quantum-limited noise figure of χ(3) parametric amplification, as well as the limit on quadrature squeezing. This nonzero response time of the nonlinearity requires coupling of the parametric process to a molecular vibration phonon bath, causing the addition of excess noise through spontaneous Raman scattering. We present analytical expressions for the quantum-limited noise figure of frequency nondegenerate and frequency degenerate χ(3) parametric amplifiers operated as phase-sensitive amplifiers. We also present results for frequency nondegenerate quadrature squeezing. We show that our nondegenerate squeezing theory agrees with the degenerate squeezing theory of Boivin and Shapiro as degeneracy is approached. We have also included the effect of linear loss on the phase-sensitive process.

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Towards Quantum Networks: Characterizing Raman Noise over Metropolitan-scale Fiber Network

Marcello Caleffi, Laura d'Avossa, Italo Machuca Flores +3 more

IEEE International Conference on Smart Computing Workshops and Other Affiliated Events (SMARTCOMP Companion)•Jun 1, 2026•1 citation
Wavelength dependence of quantum noise in nondegenerate phase-sensitive amplification in an optical fiber, where signal and its phase-conjugated idler lights are incident into a fiber together with pump light, is theoretically investigated. An analytical formula of the quantum-limited noise figure, that takes Raman scattering into account as well as parametric amplification, is derived based on full quantum mechanical treatment. Using the obtained formula, a calculation example of the noise figure spectrum is also presented, where the pump light phase is adjusted so that the signal gain is maximum at a phase-matched wavelength, supposing multichannel amplification.
Phase-sensitive amplification (PSA) can provide low-noise signal amplification, and a quantum-limited noise figure of 0 dB, that is, additional noise-free amplification, is theoretically achievable. However, in fiber-based single-pumped PSA systems, it has been reported that Raman scattering in the fiber degrades the noise figure from the ideal 0 dB. In the present study, the influence of Raman scattering on quantum noise in dual-pumped degenerate PSA in a fiber is investigated. A quantum mechanical treatment starting from the Heisenberg equation of motion is developed, considering the parametric interaction and Raman interaction simultaneously, and an analytical expression for the noise figure is derived. An example of calculation is also presented, which quantitatively indicates the degradation in the noise figure due to Raman scattering.
We present a quantum theory of nondegenerate phase-sensitive parametric amplification in a χ(3) nonlinear medium. The nonzero response time of the Kerr (χ(3)) nonlinearity determines the quantum-limited noise figure of χ(3) parametric amplification, as well as the limit on quadrature squeezing. This nonzero response time of the nonlinearity requires coupling of the parametric process to a molecular vibration phonon bath, causing the addition of excess noise through spontaneous Raman scattering. We present analytical expressions for the quantum-limited noise figure of frequency nondegenerate and frequency degenerate χ(3) parametric amplifiers operated as phase-sensitive amplifiers. We also present results for frequency nondegenerate quadrature squeezing. We show that our nondegenerate squeezing theory agrees with the degenerate squeezing theory of Boivin and Shapiro as degeneracy is approached. We have also included the effect of linear loss on the phase-sensitive process.