Theory of systems of identical particles

Julius J. Brandstatter, C Peltzer

Jon Magne Leinaas, Jan Myrheim

Franz S. Rys

J G Leopold, Ian Colin Percival, D Richards

The primitive semiclassical (EBK) theory of bound states is applied to finite non-relativistic systems with a discrete symmetry, particularly systems of identical particles. The symmetry properties of invariant tori are obtained, and illustrated for simple models with a pair of identical particles, each with one freedom. Examples without and with interaction between the particles, and with vibration and rotation are all considered. Particular care has to be taken with interacting particles that rotate around a ring.

Huang Pinga

The retina and cortex are correlated by the identical particle model.The vision system is modeled as identical particle system,and its radiation transition is studied by using time quantum theory of radiation-matter interaction.The identical particles form coherent states,the transition probability of the superradiant state is a liner function of N2 and N3(N is the particle number),and the one of the subradiant state is zero,which is supported by its successful primary explanation of the coherence of vision cells and pigments,respectively,and the co-action of retina and cortex in the vision adaptation of darkness and brightness.Identical particle model might hold for vision adaptation,and its further integration with Retinex theory will give a clue for the further research of vision adaptation.