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APS

Seeing Superfluids through Bose Glasses: Effects of Disorder on Condensates

S. E. Pollack, D. Dries, Randall G. Hulet

Published May 1, 2009• 0 citations
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Abstract In an equilibrium three-dimensional (3D) disordered condensate, it is well established that disorder can generate an amount of normal fluid ρ n equaling to of ρ ex , where ρ ex is a sum of interaction-induced quantum depletion and disorder-induced condensate deformation. The concept that the superfluid is more volatile to the existence of disorder than the condensate is crucial to the understanding of the Bose glass phase. In this work, we show that, by bringing a weakly disordered 3D condensate to non-equilibrium regime via a quantum quench in the interaction, disorder can destroy superfluid significantly more, leading to a steady state of Hamiltonian H f in which the ρ n far exceeds of the ρ ex . This suggests the possibility of engineering Bose glass in the dynamic regime. Here, we refer to the dynamical Bose glass as the case where in the steady state of quenched condensate , the superfluid density goes to zero while the condensate density remains finite. As both the ρ n and ρ ex are measurable quantities, our results allow an experimental demonstration of the dramatized interplay between the disorder and interaction in the non-equilibrium scenario.

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Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluidity

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Cambridge University Press eBooks•Dec 3, 2009•45 citations
In an equilibrium three-dimensional (3D) disordered condensate, it's well established that disorder can generate an amount of normal fluid equaling to 43\frac{4}{3}34​ of the condensate depletion. The concept that the superfluid is more volatile to the existence of disorder than the condensate is crucial to the understanding of Bose glass phase. In this Letter, we show that, by bringing a weakly disordered 3D condensate to nonequilibrium regime via a quantum quench in the interaction, disorder can destroy superfluid significantly more, leading to a steady state in which the normal fluid density far exceeds 43\frac{4}{3}34​ of the condensate depletion. This suggests a possibility of engineering Bose Glass in the dynamic regime. As both the condensate density and superfluid density are measurable quantities, our results allow an experimental demonstration of the dramatized interplay between the disorder and interaction in the nonequilibrium scenario.
Abstract In an equilibrium three-dimensional (3D) disordered condensate, it is well established that disorder can generate an amount of normal fluid ρ n equaling to of ρ ex , where ρ ex is a sum of interaction-induced quantum depletion and disorder-induced condensate deformation. The concept that the superfluid is more volatile to the existence of disorder than the condensate is crucial to the understanding of the Bose glass phase. In this work, we show that, by bringing a weakly disordered 3D condensate to non-equilibrium regime via a quantum quench in the interaction, disorder can destroy superfluid significantly more, leading to a steady state of Hamiltonian H f in which the ρ n far exceeds of the ρ ex . This suggests the possibility of engineering Bose glass in the dynamic regime. Here, we refer to the dynamical Bose glass as the case where in the steady state of quenched condensate , the superfluid density goes to zero while the condensate density remains finite. As both the ρ n and ρ ex are measurable quantities, our results allow an experimental demonstration of the dramatized interplay between the disorder and interaction in the non-equilibrium scenario.