We present a theoretical study of transient absorption spectra of laser-dressed hydrogen atoms, based on numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. The timing of absorption is controlled by the delay between an extreme ultra violet (XUV) pulse and an infrared (IR) laser field. The XUV pulse is isolated and several hundred attoseconds in duration, which acts as a pump to drive the ground-state electron to excited $p$ states. The subsequent interaction with the IR field produces dressed states, which manifest as sidebands between the 1s- $np$ absorption spectra separated by one IR-photon energy. We demonstrate that the population of dressed states is maximized when the timing of the XUV pulse coincides with the zero crossing of the IR field, and that their energies can be manipulated in a subcycle time scale by adding a chirp to the IR field. An alternative perspective to the problem is to think of the XUV pulse as a probe to detect the dynamical ac Stark shifts. Our results indicate that the accidental degeneracy of the hydrogen excited states is removed while they are dressed by the IR field, leading to large ac Stark shifts. Furthermore, we observe the Autler-Townes doublets for the $n=2$ and 3 levels using the 656 nm dressing field, but their separation does not agree with the prediction by the conventional three-level model that neglects the dynamical ac Stark shifts.We present a theoretical study of transient absorption spectra of laser-dressed hydrogen atoms, based on numerical solutions of the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. The timing of absorption is controlled by the delay between an extreme ultra violet (XUV) pulse and an infrared (IR) laser field. The XUV pulse is isolated and several hundred attoseconds in duration, which acts as a pump to drive the ground-state electron to excited $p$ states. The subsequent interaction with the IR field produces dressed states, which manifest as sidebands between the 1s-$np$ absorption spectra separated by one IR-photon energy. We demonstrate that the population of dressed states is maximized when the timing of the XUV pulse coincides with the zero crossing of the IR field, and that their energies can be manipulated in a subcycle time scale by adding a chirp to the IR field. An alternative perspective to the problem is to think of the XUV pulse as a probe to detect the dynamical ac Stark shifts. Our results indicate that the accidental degeneracy of the hydrogen excited states is removed while they are dressed by the IR field, leading to large ac Stark shifts. Furthermore, we observe the Autler-Townes doublets for the $n=2$ and 3 levels using the 656 nm dressing field, but their separation does not agree with the prediction by the conventional three-level model that neglects the dynamical ac Stark shifts.

Physical Review AOct 28, 201312 citations

Collisional Spectroscopy of Laser Excited Atoms

M. Allegrini

NATO ASI series. Series B : PhysicsJan 1, 19850 citations

Photoelectron signature of dressed-atom stabilization in an intense XUV field

Edvin Olofsson, Jan Marcus Dahlström

Nonperturbative resonant multiphoton ionization $(1+1)$ is studied using the resolvent operator technique. Scaling parameters for effective two-level Hamiltonians are computed for hydrogen and helium atoms to provide a quantitative description of Rabi oscillations at XUV wavelengths, which were recently observed using a seeded free-electron laser [S. Nandi et al., Nature (London) 608, 488 (2022)]. The resulting photoelectron spectra exhibit a range of Autler-Townes doublets, which are studied for different intensities, detunings, and interaction times. We identify a photoelectron signature that originates from stabilization against ionization of helium atoms interacting with intense circularly polarized XUV light. Thus, our study shows how it is possible to test the prediction of dressed-atom stabilization by Beers and Armstrong [B. L. Beers and L. Armstrong, Phys. Rev. A 12, 2447 (1975)], without the demanding requirement of atomic saturation in the time domain.Nonperturbative resonant multiphoton ionization $(1+1)$ is studied using the resolvent operator technique. Scaling parameters for effective two-level Hamiltonians are computed for hydrogen and helium atoms to provide a quantitative description of Rabi oscillations at XUV wavelengths, which were recently observed using a seeded free-electron laser [S. Nandi et al., Nature (London) 608, 488 (2022)]. The resulting photoelectron spectra exhibit a range of Autler-Townes doublets, which are studied for different intensities, detunings, and interaction times. We identify a photoelectron signature that originates from stabilization against ionization of helium atoms interacting with intense circularly polarized XUV light. Thus, our study shows how it is possible to test the prediction of dressed-atom stabilization by Beers and Armstrong [B. L. Beers and L. Armstrong, Phys. Rev. A 12, 2447 (1975)], without the demanding requirement of atomic saturation in the time domain.

Physical Review ResearchOct 5, 202324 citations

Spectrum of a hydrogen-like atom in a laser-emission field

B. A. Zon, Nikolai L. Manakov, Л. П. Рапопорт

Jan 1, 19750 citations

Photoelectron signature of dressed-atom stabilization in intense XUV field

Edvin Olofsson, Jan Marcus Dahlström

Non-perturbative resonant multiphoton ionization $(1+1)$ is studied using the resolvent operator technique. Scaling parameters for effective two-level Hamiltonians are computed for hydrogen and helium atoms to provide a quantitative description of Rabi oscillations at XUV wavelengths, which were recently observed using a seeded Free-Electron Laser [S. Nandi et al., Nature 608, 488-493 (2022)]. The resulting photoelectron spectra exhibit a range of Autler-Townes doublets, which are studied for different intensities, detunings and interaction times. We identify a photoelectron signature that originates from stabilization against ionization of helium atoms interacting with intense circularly polarized XUV light. Thus, our work shows how it is possible to test the prediction of dressed-atom stabilization by Beers and Armstrong [B. L. Beers and L. Armstrong, Phys. Rev. A 12, 2447 (1975)], without the demanding requirement of atomic saturation in the time domain.Non-perturbative resonant multiphoton ionization $(1+1)$ is studied using the resolvent operator technique. Scaling parameters for effective two-level Hamiltonians are computed for hydrogen and helium atoms to provide a quantitative description of Rabi oscillations at XUV wavelengths, which were recently observed using a seeded Free-Electron Laser [S. Nandi et al., Nature 608, 488-493 (2022)]. The resulting photoelectron spectra exhibit a range of Autler-Townes doublets, which are studied for different intensities, detunings and interaction times. We identify a photoelectron signature that originates from stabilization against ionization of helium atoms interacting with intense circularly polarized XUV light. Thus, our work shows how it is possible to test the prediction of dressed-atom stabilization by Beers and Armstrong [B. L. Beers and L. Armstrong, Phys. Rev. A 12, 2447 (1975)], without the demanding requirement of atomic saturation in the time domain.

arXiv:2305.07363May 12, 20230 citations

p

states. The subsequent interaction with the IR field produces dressed states, which manifest as sidebands between the 1s-

np

absorption spectra separated by one IR-photon energy. We demonstrate that the population of dressed states is maximized when the timing of the XUV pulse coincides with the zero crossing of the IR field, and that their energies can be manipulated in a subcycle time scale by adding a chirp to the IR field. An alternative perspective to the problem is to think of the XUV pulse as a probe to detect the dynamical ac Stark shifts. Our results indicate that the accidental degeneracy of the hydrogen excited states is removed while they are dressed by the IR field, leading to large ac Stark shifts. Furthermore, we observe the Autler-Townes doublets for the

n=2

and 3 levels using the 656 nm dressing field, but their separation does not agree with the prediction by the conventional three-level model that neglects the dynamical ac Stark shifts.

Nonperturbative resonant multiphoton ionization

(1+1)

is studied using the resolvent operator technique. Scaling parameters for effective two-level Hamiltonians are computed for hydrogen and helium atoms to provide a quantitative description of Rabi oscillations at XUV wavelengths, which were recently observed using a seeded free-electron laser [S. Nandi et al., Nature (London) 608, 488 (2022)]. The resulting photoelectron spectra exhibit a range of Autler-Townes doublets, which are studied for different intensities, detunings, and interaction times. We identify a photoelectron signature that originates from stabilization against ionization of helium atoms interacting with intense circularly polarized XUV light. Thus, our study shows how it is possible to test the prediction of dressed-atom stabilization by Beers and Armstrong [B. L. Beers and L. Armstrong, Phys. Rev. A 12, 2447 (1975)], without the demanding requirement of atomic saturation in the time domain.

Non-perturbative resonant multiphoton ionization

(1+1)

is studied using the resolvent operator technique. Scaling parameters for effective two-level Hamiltonians are computed for hydrogen and helium atoms to provide a quantitative description of Rabi oscillations at XUV wavelengths, which were recently observed using a seeded Free-Electron Laser [S. Nandi et al., Nature 608, 488-493 (2022)]. The resulting photoelectron spectra exhibit a range of Autler-Townes doublets, which are studied for different intensities, detunings and interaction times. We identify a photoelectron signature that originates from stabilization against ionization of helium atoms interacting with intense circularly polarized XUV light. Thus, our work shows how it is possible to test the prediction of dressed-atom stabilization by Beers and Armstrong [B. L. Beers and L. Armstrong, Phys. Rev. A 12, 2447 (1975)], without the demanding requirement of atomic saturation in the time domain.