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European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)

Laser spectroscopy of dressed states

Gabriela Wa̧sik, Zbigniew Kowal, Wojciech Gawlik

Published Jan 1, 1998• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1109/eqec.1998.714938

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We report on the optical polarizability of microwave-shielded ultracold NaCs molecules in an optical dipole trap. While dressing a pair of rotational states with a microwave field, we observe a marked dependence of the optical polarizability on the intensity and detuning of the dressing field. To precisely characterize differential energy shifts between dressed rotational states, we establish dressed-state spectroscopy. For strong dressing fields, we find that a magic rotational transition can be engineered and demonstrate its insensitivity to laser intensity fluctuations. The results of this Letter have direct relevance for evaporative cooling and the recent demonstration of molecular Bose-Einstein condensates [Bigagli et al., Nature (London) 631, 289 (2024)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/s41586-024-07492-z] and may open a door to precision microwave spectroscopy in interacting many-body systems of microwave-shielded molecules.
Gain arising from the interaction of intense laser fields and atoms has attracted recent attention because it has been found, for example, that two-photon lasing1 and lasing without inversion2 occurs in these systems. Physical and intuitive models of these interactions can be developed by using the dressed-atom states, which, unfortunately, tend to be difficult to detect directly with high precision. We will report on a new modulation spectroscopy for the quantum limited detection of gain in dressed-atom systems. The spectroscopy involves weak modulation of the dressed-state splitting and lockin detection of the intensity of the probing beam. It differs from classic frequency-modulation spectroscopies in that the probe beam is not modulated before it interacts with the sample of strongly driven atoms and hence does not suffer from the effects of residual amplitude modulation.