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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Tunable double electromagnetically induced grating with an incoherent pump field

Azar Vafafard, Mostafa Sahrai

Published Jan 6, 2020• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce here double electromagnetically induced grating (DEIG) using a tripod atomic structure, wherein two probe and signal fields with different frequencies simultaneously experience an atomic grating. Properties of presented DEIG can be substantially modified by the detuning of the applied fields. It has also been found that applying an incoherent pump field has a remarkable influence on the high-order diffraction efficiencies. Amplification of travelling weak lights via the incoherent pump field results in large diffraction efficiencies in the first-order and second-order directions. Such a novel scheme might open up the possibility for designing a two-qubit switch that would be advantageous to quantum information processing and quantum networking.

DOI
10.1364/josab.37.000244

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An electromagnetically induced grating in a four-level tripod-type atomic system is studied theoretically. By virtue of a weak standing-wave signal field, the phase modulation effectively diffracts a weak probe field into the first-order direction. By changing the weak signal field, the diffraction of the weak probe field can be modulated in real time, and a first-order diffraction efficiency of more than 32% can be obtained with proper parameters. Such a system has a potential application in an all-optical switch controlled by a weak optical signal.
Abstract A scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating via spatial gain and phase modulation is presented in a two-level atomic system. Based on the interactions of two orthogonal standing-wave fields, the atom could diffract the weak probe beam into high-order directions and a 2D diffraction grating is generated. It is shown that the diffraction efficiency of the grating can be efficiently manipulated by controlling the Rabi frequencies of control fields, the detunings of the control and probe fields, and interaction length. Different from 2D cross-grating via electromagnetically induced transparency in a four-level atomic system, the present scheme results from the spatial modulation of gain and phase in a simple two-level system, which could lead to 2D gain-phase grating with larger diffraction intensities in the diffraction directions. The studies we present may have potential applications in developing photon devices for optical-switching, optical imaging and quantum information processing.
Abstract We proposed a theoretical scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a closed-loop four-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field, a traveling-wave control field, two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a microwave field. Due to low amplitude modulation accompanied with large phase modulation, EIG can be obtained and the probe energy can be diffracted into first-order and even high-order directions with high efficiency. The results show that the diffraction pattern and efficiency of the EIG could be adjusted effectively by the probe field detuning, the coherent field intensity, the interaction length. Meanwhile, the quantum interference between the amplitude modulation and phase modulation can be manipulated by the relative phase, which can be used to regulate the diffraction pattern and efficiency of the 2D EIG. Our scheme of 2D EIG may be useful in beam splitting and all-optical switching.
By using two orthogonal coupling standing-wave fields, we propose a scheme for a two-dimensional electromagnetically induced cross-grating (EICG) in a four-level tripod-type atomic system. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency, the probe field will be diffracted and form the two-dimensional EICG through the interaction of the two coupling standing-wave fields. It is shown that the first-order diffraction intensity of the two-dimensional EICG depends observably on the detuning of the probe field and the Rabi frequencies of the two coupling standing-wave fields. The results may be used to develop novel photonic devices for use in quantum information processing, quantum networking and optical imaging.
We propose a scheme for a beam splitter and a beam router via an electromagnetically induced blazed grating in a four-level double-Λ system driven by an intensity-modulated coupling field and an incoherent pump field. The blazed grating relies on the incoherent pump process, which helps in inducing large refractivity with suppressed absorption or even gain. Consequently, the weak probe beam can be effectively deflected with high diffraction efficiency, and, meanwhile, its energy is amplified. When using an intensity mask with two symmetric domains in the coupling field, the presented blazed grating provides the possibility of a symmetric beam splitter. The diffraction efficiency and diffraction order of the gratings are sensitive to the intensity of the coupling field, and, thus, the gratings can function as a tunable asymmetric beam splitter or a beam router, which distributes the probe field into different spatial directions. Therefore, the proposed scheme may have potential applications in optical communication and networking.