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LPICo

Miniature Absolute Scalar Magnetometer Based on the Rubidium Isotope 87Rb

H. Korth, Kim Strohbehn, Francisco J. Tejada, Andreas G. Andreou, John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe

Published Oct 1, 2012• 0 citations
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Due to high sensitivity and compactness, spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometers have found widespread applications. These devices rely on alkali atoms to sense magnetic fields, with87Rb being the commonly used isotope. However,87Rb must be extracted from natural abundance rubidium (natRb) through isotopic separation, making it expensive. Replacing87Rb with natRb reduces the cost to approximately just 1%. Nevertheless, it is generally believed that the isotopic mixture of87Rb and85Rb in natRb affects the coherence of the atomic ensemble. Using a dual-beam SERF magnetometer, we systematically compared 3 mm inner-size cubic vapor cells filled with natRb and87Rb. By optimizing the buffer gas pressure and optical parameters, we demonstrate that the natRb magnetometer can achieve performance comparable to that of the87Rb magnetometer. Experimental results show that both cells achieved a sensitivity of 4 1T/Hz1/2. These findings demonstrate that natRb can effectively replace87Rb in miniaturized dual-beam SERF magnetometers, enabling low-cost, high-sensitivity magnetic field measurements.

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Due to high sensitivity and compactness, spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) atomic magnetometers have found widespread applications. These devices rely on alkali atoms to sense magnetic fields, with87Rb being the commonly used isotope. However,87Rb must be extracted from natural abundance rubidium (natRb) through isotopic separation, making it expensive. Replacing87Rb with natRb reduces the cost to approximately just 1%. Nevertheless, it is generally believed that the isotopic mixture of87Rb and85Rb in natRb affects the coherence of the atomic ensemble. Using a dual-beam SERF magnetometer, we systematically compared 3 mm inner-size cubic vapor cells filled with natRb and87Rb. By optimizing the buffer gas pressure and optical parameters, we demonstrate that the natRb magnetometer can achieve performance comparable to that of the87Rb magnetometer. Experimental results show that both cells achieved a sensitivity of 4 1T/Hz1/2. These findings demonstrate that natRb can effectively replace87Rb in miniaturized dual-beam SERF magnetometers, enabling low-cost, high-sensitivity magnetic field measurements.
We report a novel method adopting two RF fields to simultaneously excite 85Rb and 87Rb isotopes for an MZ type atomic magnetometer. The MZ magnetometer adopts a 6 mm3 microfabricated vapor cell with natural abundance rubidium and 0.74 amagat nitrogen as buffer gas inside. The excessively broadened magnetic resonance signals of the two rubidium isotopes overlap with each other and cause deterioration in accuracy and sensitivity performance. To solve this problem, a Double-RF Field Method (DRFM) is proposed, which adopts two RF fields with a central frequency ratio of 2:3. Compared with traditional Single-RF Field Method (SRFM), the DRFM reduces the detection error by over 50% and improves the sensitivity by more than 10%. The experiments are conducted at three temperatures and under various static magnetic fields. Theoretical models are also built to discuss the performance improvement of the magnetometer by the DRFM against the SRFM. This method provides a way to improve the performance of chip-scale MZ atomic magnetometers with low cost natural abundance rubidium.