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European Journal of Physics

Unified supersymmetric transformations for the harmonic oscillator and its rational extension

GÉZA LÉVAI, Tibor Soltész

Published Dec 6, 2019• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We discussed transformations of supersymmetric quantum mechanics by considering a general six-parameter function, from which the superpotential and the supersymmetric partner potentials V − ( r ) and V + ( r ) were constructed. By specific choice of the parameters, V − ( r ) reproduced the radial harmonic oscillator, or its rationally extended version, with solutions containing X 1 -type Laguerre polynomials. The choice of parameters also determined which of the four possible SUSY transformations T i , i = 1, ...4 were employed. Within this formalism, the relation between the radial harmonic oscillator and its rational extension can be discussed in a straightforward way, furthermore, several aspects of SUSYQM and exactly solvable potentials can be demonstrated in a unified framework on a level suitable for basic quantum mechanics courses.

DOI
10.1088/1361-6404/ab5f90

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Abstract We discussed transformations of supersymmetric quantum mechanics by considering a general six-parameter function, from which the superpotential and the supersymmetric partner potentials V − ( r ) and V + ( r ) were constructed. By specific choice of the parameters, V − ( r ) reproduced the radial harmonic oscillator, or its rationally extended version, with solutions containing X 1 -type Laguerre polynomials. The choice of parameters also determined which of the four possible SUSY transformations T i , i = 1, ...4 were employed. Within this formalism, the relation between the radial harmonic oscillator and its rational extension can be discussed in a straightforward way, furthermore, several aspects of SUSYQM and exactly solvable potentials can be demonstrated in a unified framework on a level suitable for basic quantum mechanics courses.
We show that the radial harmonic oscillator problem in the position-dependent mass background of the type m(α;r)=(1+αr2)−2m(α;r) = (1+αr^2)^{-2}m(α;r)=(1+αr2)−2, α>0α>0α>0, can be solved by using a point canonical transformation mapping the corresponding Schrödinger equation onto that of the Pöschl-Teller I potential with constant mass. The radial harmonic oscillator problem with position-dependent mass is shown to exhibit a deformed shape invariance property in a deformed supersymmetric framework. The inverse point canonical transformation then provides some exactly-solvable rational extensions of the radial harmonic oscillator with position-dependent mass associated with XmX_mXm​-Jacobi exceptional orthogonal polynomials of type I, II, or III. The extended potentials of type I and II are proved to display deformed shape invariance. The spectrum and wavefunctions of the radial harmonic oscillator potential and its extensions are shown to go over to well-known results when the deforming parameter ααα goes to zero.
Quantum deformations offer valuable perspectives into quantum mechanics, particularly by advancing our understanding of symmetry and algebraic structures.The Dunkl oscillator, which integrates Dunkl operators into the harmonic oscillator framework, advances the system’s algebraic properties and opens new approaches for exploring quantum phenomena. Supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SSQM) unifies bosonic and fermionic aspects and facilitates the construction of solvable models using generalized Dunkl operators. This paper introduces a new approach to the Dunkl oscillator, employing a complex reflection operator to deepen the understanding of its connection to Hermite polynomials on radial lines. The results offer new perspectives on the Dunkl oscillator’s algebraic structure and its relevance to SSQM and quantum deformation theory, expanding the potential for discovering solvable quantum models.
In the context of a two-parameter (α, β) deformation of the canonical commutation relation leading to nonzero minimal uncertainties in both position and momentum, the harmonic oscillator spectrum and eigenvectors are determined by using an extension of the techniques of conventional supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SUSYQM) combined with shape invariance under parameter scaling. The resulting supersymmetric partner Hamiltonians correspond to different masses and frequencies. The exponential spectrum is proved to reduce to a previously found quadratic spectrum whenever one of the parameters α, β vanishes, in which case shape invariance under parameter translation occurs. In the special case where α = β ≠ 0, the oscillator Hamiltonian is shown to coincide with that of the q -deformed oscillator with q > 1 and its eigenvectors are therefore n - q -boson states. In the general case where 0 ≠ α ≠ β ≠ 0, the eigenvectors are constructed as linear combinations of n - q -boson states by resorting to a Bargmann representation of the latter and to q -differential calculus. They are finally expressed in terms of a q -exponential and little q -Jacobi polynomials.
We review supersymmetry (SUSY) in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics emphasizing algebraic aspects.We discuss the Hamiltonian subgroup implementing supersymmetry as well as the corresponding algebra of the SUSY generators.In the SUSYQM framework, the two distinct partner potentials are connected by a superpotential satisfying a Riccati differential equation.A full Hamiltonian operator in an extended Hilbert space is defined in order to render the supersymmetry manifest.As a result, the eigenfunctions of the original potentials are connected by generalized ladder operators.We provide an explicit realization of the abstract supersymmetry group for SUSYQM depending on one real and two Grassmann parameters.
Wigner–Dunkl quantum mechanics can be viewed as deformed quantum mechanics, where the commutator between canonical momentum and position operators contains in addition a reflection operator. In the present work we carry over the general concepts of supersymmetric (SUSY) quantum mechanics to the Wigner–Dunkl quantum formulation. We investigate the SUSY ground states, the SUSY transformations and introduce a generalized shape invariance allowing for explicit solutions. In this way, exact solutions for a certain class of SUSY potentials can be provided. As example the harmonic oscillator is considered. We also take a look into a singular oscillator model, which does not belong to the shape-invariance class. Nevertheless, exact solutions can be provided, showing the peculiarities of that model in the SUSY Wigner–Dunkl quantum mechanics. A modification of that singular model is presented which restores shape invariance