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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Coherent Controlling Single Photon Asymmetric Transmission in the Atom Chirally Coupled Waveguide System*

Wei Hu, Xiao-San Ma, Bing Wang, Xianshan Huang, Mu-Tian Cheng

Published Nov 1, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We theoretically investigate the influences of two coherent driving fields on the asymmetric transmission of single photon in the atom-waveguide system. The atom is considered as a Λ system. One transition of the atom chirally couples to the waveguide. The other transition is driven by two coherent driving fields. The transmission probabilities for the single photon incidents from the left ( T lr ) and right ( T rl ) are given respectively. The calculated results show that one can realize T lr = 0 ( T rl ≠ 0) or T rl = 0 ( T lr ≠ 0) by manipulating the phase difference between the two coherent driving fields. The influence of the decay rate of the metastable state on the asymmetric transmission is also discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/71/11/1304

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Abstract We theoretically investigate the influences of two coherent driving fields on the asymmetric transmission of single photon in the atom-waveguide system. The atom is considered as a Λ system. One transition of the atom chirally couples to the waveguide. The other transition is driven by two coherent driving fields. The transmission probabilities for the single photon incidents from the left ( T lr ) and right ( T rl ) are given respectively. The calculated results show that one can realize T lr = 0 ( T rl ≠ 0) or T rl = 0 ( T lr ≠ 0) by manipulating the phase difference between the two coherent driving fields. The influence of the decay rate of the metastable state on the asymmetric transmission is also discussed.
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Abstract The photon router plays an essential role in the optical quantum network. However, conventional routers generally couple photons chirally into waveguides to achieve complete transmission from the input port to the required port. Here, we use non-chiral photon-atom interactions for targeted routing. The system consists of two V-type three-level atoms and two parallel waveguides. In addition, the two atoms are driven by external coherent fields, respectively. With a real-space Hamiltonian, the probability of photon transmitted to four ports can be obtained. The study shows that a single photon input from the left port of the waveguide-a can be deterministically transferred to any of the four ports of the two waveguides by adjusting the detuning of the atom and the driving field on the atom, as well as the distance between the two atoms.
Single-photon transport in nonideal chiral photon-atom interaction structures generally contains information backflow and thus limits the capabilities to transfer information between distant emitters in cascaded quantum networks. Here, in the nonideal chiral case, a VVV-type atom coupled to a waveguide is proposed to realize completely unidirectional transmission of the single photons in a superposition state of different frequencies. A microwave field is introduced to drive the two excited states of the atom and results in photon conversion between two transitions. By adjusting the Rabi frequency and the phase of the external driving field, the transport behaviors of incident photons with specific frequencies can be optimized to complete transmission or reflection. Based on the constructive interferences between photons from different traveling paths, the transmission probabilities of the specific-frequency photons could be enhanced. Due to photon conversions with compensating the dissipations and ensuring the complete destructive interference, the ideal unidirectional transmission contrast can be maintained to $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1$, even when the atom has dissipations into the nonwaveguide modes.
Abstract Single-photon frequency conversion in the system composed of a Λ -type three-level giant atom chiral couples to a one-dimensional waveguide is investigated. Two configurations, i.e. one of the atomic transitions couples to the waveguide at two separated points while the other one either directly or indirectly couples to the waveguide at a single point, are considered. The scattering amplitudes for representing the frequency conversion in the two kinds of coupling schematics are obtained analytically with the real-space approach. The results show that perfect nonreciprocal transmission with preserving frequency and ideal directional frequency conversion can be realized due to the time-reversal symmetry broken induced by the chiral coupling as well as the self-interference comes from the giant atom. In particular, in the indirect coupling configuration, the scattering spectra exhibit two directional frequency conversion windows due to the atom-cavity coupling, which enables the present system suitable for the simultaneous manipulation of incident photons with different frequencies. These results may have potential applications in various quantum information processing and quantum network engineering.
Chiral quantum optics is a new research area in light-matter interaction that depends on the direction of light propagation and offers a new path for the quantum regulation of light-matter interactions. In this paper, we study a spinning Kerr-type microresonator coupled with Λ-type atom ensembles, which are driven in opposite directions to generate asymmetric photon statistics. We find that a photon blockade can only be generated by driving the spinning resonator on right side without driving the spinning microresonator from the left side, resulting in chirality. The coupling strength between system modes can be precisely controlled by adjusting the detuning amount of the atomic pump field. Because of the splitting of the resonant frequency generated by the Fizeau drag, the destructive quantum interference generated in right side drive prevents the nonresonant transition path of state ∣1,0〉 to state ∣2,0〉. This direction-dependent chiral quantum optics is expected to be applied to chiral optical devices, single-photon sources and nonreciprocal quantum communications.
We investigate coherent controlling single-photon nonreciprocal propagation in a pair of waveguides chirally coupled to an atom by using a classical optical field. The results show that for a nonresonant photon, the perfect single-photon nonreciprocal propagation can be realized by adjusting the Rabi frequency and detuning. Furthermore, the nonreciprocal propagation is switchable by using the classic field. The calculated results also show that the system can be used as a frequency filter to filter out some special frequencies for single-photon nonreciprocal propagation. The influences of nonperfect chiral coupling and dissipations on the nonreciprocal propagation are also shown.