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Optics Letters

Controllable single-photon nonreciprocal propagation between two waveguides chirally coupled to a quantum emitter

Mu-Tian Cheng, Xinran Ma, Jing-Wei Fan, Jingping Xu, Chenjie Zhu

Published Jul 19, 2017• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate coherent controlling single-photon nonreciprocal propagation in a pair of waveguides chirally coupled to an atom by using a classical optical field. The results show that for a nonresonant photon, the perfect single-photon nonreciprocal propagation can be realized by adjusting the Rabi frequency and detuning. Furthermore, the nonreciprocal propagation is switchable by using the classic field. The calculated results also show that the system can be used as a frequency filter to filter out some special frequencies for single-photon nonreciprocal propagation. The influences of nonperfect chiral coupling and dissipations on the nonreciprocal propagation are also shown.

DOI
10.1364/ol.42.002914

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We investigate coherent controlling single-photon nonreciprocal propagation in a pair of waveguides chirally coupled to an atom by using a classical optical field. The results show that for a nonresonant photon, the perfect single-photon nonreciprocal propagation can be realized by adjusting the Rabi frequency and detuning. Furthermore, the nonreciprocal propagation is switchable by using the classic field. The calculated results also show that the system can be used as a frequency filter to filter out some special frequencies for single-photon nonreciprocal propagation. The influences of nonperfect chiral coupling and dissipations on the nonreciprocal propagation are also shown.
Abstract We propose a scheme to realize a single-photon diode and circulator using two waveguides chirally coupled to a five-level M -type atom. Two external control fields are introduced to drive the emitter. Non-reciprocal single-photon propagation can be completed in our scheme, which underpins the single-photon diode and circulator. The single-photon diode can work well at special frequency points of the incident photon simultaneously. We can modulate the Rabi frequencies and detunings of the control fields to satisfy various values of frequency points of the incident photon. In addition, the non-reciprocity of the photon propagation can be turned off or on when the control fields are turned off or on. A single-frequency filter can filter out a special frequency for the incident photon by adjusting the detunings of the control fields. The single-photon circulator can realize photon propagation in the pathways 1 → 2 , 2 → 3 , 3 → 4 , 4 → 1 with probability 100%. The properties of the circulator can be modulated by adjusting the Rabi frequencies and detunings of the control fields.
We study the controllable single-photon scattering via a one-dimensional waveguide which is coupled to a two-level emitter and a single-mode cavity simultaneously. The emitter and the cavity are also coupled to each other and form a three-level system with cyclic transitions within the zero- and single-excitation subspaces. As a result, the phase of emitter-cavity coupling strength serves as a sensitive control parameter. When the emitter and cavity locate at the same point of the waveguide, we demonstrate the Rabi splitting and quasidark-state-induced perfect transmission for the incident photons. More interestingly, when they locate at different points of the waveguide, a controllable nonreciprocal transmission can be realized and the nonreciprocity is robust to the weak coupling between the system and environment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our theoretical model is experimentally feasible with currently available technologies.
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Abstract We investigate the single-photon scattering properties of a driven three-level giant atom chirally coupled to two waveguides simultaneously in both the Markovian and the non-Markovian regimes. It is shown that under the Markovian limit, the chiral photon-atom interactions enable nonreciprocal scattering in a single waveguide and targeted photon routing with a probability of 100% in two waveguides, while the presence of the driving field and the giant atom structure introduce a more tunable parameter to manipulate the single-photon scattering behaviors. We also examine how the non-reciprocity and routing capability are influenced by the imperfect chirality and the atomic dissipation. In the non-Markovian regime, we show that the scattering behaviors are more complicated. The non-Markovicity induced non-reciprocity and photon routing are demonstrated in this paper. We believe that those results have potential applications in quantum network engineering.
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The single photon scattering properties in a waveguide coupling to a giant atom with a three-level system are investigated theoretically. One of the transitions of the giant atom couples to the waveguide at two points while the other one is driven by a classical field. Using the analytical expressions of the single photon scattering amplitudes, the conditions for realizing perfect single photon nonreciprocal scattering are discussed in both Markovian regime and non-Markovian regime. In the Markovian regime, the perfect non-reciprocity can be realized by adjusting the external classical field, the energy dissipation of the giant atom, the phase difference between the two coupling strengths and the accumulated phase resulting from the photon propagating between the two coupling points. In the non-Markovian regime, the non-reciprocal scattering phenomenon becomes more abundant due to the time delay. However, the analytical results show that the perfect non-reciprocity can still be achieved. When the incident photon is resonant with the giant atom, the nonreciprocity can be switched by controlling the classical field. For the non-resonant single photon, one can adjust the Rabi frequency of the classical field to obtain the perfect non-reciprocal single photon transmission. Our work provides a manner to realize a frequency tunable single photon diode.