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Optical loading of a Bose-Einstein condensate

Filip Floegel

Published Jan 1, 2003• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.15488/6162

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arXiv:cond-mat/0305200•Physical Review A•Nov 5, 2003•25 citations
We discuss the optical loading of a Bose-Einstein condensate in the Thomas-Fermi regime. The condensate is loaded via spontaneous emission from a reservoir of excited-state atoms. By means of a master equation formalism, we discuss the modification of the condensate temperature during the loading. We identify the threshold temperature, T th , above (below) which the loading process leads to cooling (heating), respectively. The consequences of our analysis for the continuous loading of an atom laser are discussed.
It has been proposed that the adiabatic loading of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) into an optical lattice via the Mott-insulator transition can be used to initialize a quantum computer [D. Jaksch et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3108 (1998)]. The loading of a BEC into the lattice without causing band excitation is readily achievable; however, unless one switches on an optical lattice very slowly, the optical lattice causes a phase to accumulate across the condensate. We show analytically and numerically that a cancellation of this effect is possible by adjusting the harmonic trap force constant of the magnetic trap appropriately, thereby facilitating quick loading of an optical lattice for quantum computing purposes. A simple analytical theory is developed for a nonstationary BEC in a harmonic trap.
We present a scheme for rapidly loading a Bose-Einstein condensate into a single Bloch state of a weak optical lattice at a quasimomentum of $q=\ensuremath{\Elzxh}k.$ Rabi cycling of the Bose-Einstein condensate between momentum states is modified by a phase shift applied to the lattice. By appropriately choosing the magnitude and timing of the phase shift, we demonstrate nearly perfect loading of the lattice ground state, the signature of which is an abrupt halt to the Rabi cycling.