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ACS Photonics

Ultrafast Manipulation of a Strongly Coupled Light–Matter System by a Giant ac Stark Effect

Dmitry Panna, Nadav Landau, Liron Gantz, Leonid Rybak, Shai Tsesses, G. Adler, Sebastian Brodbeck, Christian Schneider, Sven Höfling, Alex Hayat

Published Nov 15, 2019• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate ultrafast control of a strongly coupled light–matter system via a giant ac Stark effect in a specially designed strongly coupled microcavity using ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy. We observe polariton energy shifts larger than the Rabi energy, enabling the implementation of strong noninvasive potentials for robust and ultrafast polaritonic switches. A nonperturbative treatment has been utilized to correctly describe the underlying physics of the giant Stark shifts in our strongly coupled light–matter system and corresponds well to the experimental results. Our findings shed new light on nonperturbative interactions and pave the way for all-optical quantum technologies.

DOI
10.1021/acsphotonics.9b00659

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We demonstrate ultrafast control of a strongly coupled light–matter system via a giant ac Stark effect in a specially designed strongly coupled microcavity using ultrafast pump–probe spectroscopy. We observe polariton energy shifts larger than the Rabi energy, enabling the implementation of strong noninvasive potentials for robust and ultrafast polaritonic switches. A nonperturbative treatment has been utilized to correctly describe the underlying physics of the giant Stark shifts in our strongly coupled light–matter system and corresponds well to the experimental results. Our findings shed new light on nonperturbative interactions and pave the way for all-optical quantum technologies.
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Vacuum Rabi oscillation is a damped oscillation in which energy can transfer between an atomic excitation and a photon when an atom is strongly coupled to a photonic cavity. This process is challenging to be coherently controlled due to the fact that interaction between the atom and the electromagnetic resonator needs to be modulated in a quick manner compared to vacuum Rabi frequency. This control has been achieved at microwave frequencies, but has remained challenging to be implemented in the optical domain. Here we demonstrated coherent control of energy transfer in a semiconductor quantum dot strongly coupled to a photonic crystal molecule by manipulating the vacuum Rabi oscillation of the system. Instead of using a single photonic crystal cavity, we utilized a photonic crystal molecule consisting two coupled photonic crystal defect cavities to obtain both strong quantum dot-cavity coupling and cavityenhanced AC stark shift. In our system the AC stark shift modulates the coupling interaction between the quantum dot and the cavity by shifting the quantum dot resonance, on timescales (picosecond) shorter than the vacuum Rabi period. We demonstrated the ability to transfer excitation between a quantum dot and cavity, and performed coherent control of light-matter states. Our results provides an ultra-fast approach for probing and controlling light-matter interactions in an integrated nanophotonic device, and could pave the way for gigahertz rate synthesis of arbitrary quantum states of light at optical frequencies.
The Rabi splitting of the negatively charged exciton in a single InGaAs quantum dot is observed in resonance transmission spectroscopy. We use a pump laser excitation to drive strongly the unpolarized trion transition in a quantum dot and detect its modified absorption spectrum with a second weak probe laser. By tuning the pump laser near resonance, we observe an ac-Stark effect dispersion, with a power dependent Rabi splitting on resonance, both signatures of a strongly coupled two level system. Although the pump and probe laser fields are resonant with the same transition, we do not observe all features in the Mollow spectrum. We combine the results of pump probe with saturation spectroscopy data to deduce the individual contributions to the low power linewidth.