IEEE East-West Design & Test Symposium (EWDTS)

Length Limiting of Quantum Key Distribution at Two-Stage Synchronization

Konstantin E. Rumyantsev, H. H.-Sh. Shakir

Published Sep 1, 2019• 0 citations

Abstract

The synchronization subsystem is investigated for the quantum key distribution (QKD), where photon pulses are used as sync signals. The analyzed two-stage synchronization algorithm is based on the fact that the pulse-repetition period and the duration of the optical sync signals are known. Analytical expressions are obtained that establish the functional relationship between the energy parameters and probability characteristics of the single-photon synchronization subsystem, and the parameters of an optical fiber, a transmitting optical module, and a single-photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD). The requirements for the choice of the steps number in the search stage and the allowable tests number that guarantee the maximum length of the communication line are formulated. It is shown that for actually used single-photon avalanche photodiodes, the length of the fiber-optic line is limited due to the frequency of generation of dark current pulses (DCP)by a value of 51 km with a synchronization error probability of 0.05.

DOI: 10.1109/ewdts.2019.8884459

Related papers

Parameters of the two-stage synchronization algorithm for the quantum key distribution system

Konstantin E. Rumyantsev, Рудинский Евгений Андреевич

The parameters of the two-stage synchronization algorithm for the auto-compensation quantum key distribution (QKD) systems are investigated. The synchronization algorithm does not provide for splitting a frame equal to the period of the optical clock to the time windows. The equipment operates in the search mode for receiving a photon. The equipment goes into test mode when receiving a photon. The reception of a photon in the test mode is possible only during the action of the strobe pulse. The rest of the time the channel does not react to photons and dark current impulses (DCI). The algorithm provides for sequential testing of frames with a stop at registration of the first photon. The algorithm makes a decision about the absence of a signal after a specified number of tests. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to use single-photon avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with a significant time delay between the moments of photon reception and the restoration of APD.

International Conference on Security of Information and Networks (SIN)Oct 13, 20178 citations

Characteristics of a two-stage synchronization algorithm in the system of quantum key distribution with dividing a fiber-optic line into sections with decreasing length

Миронов Яков Константинович, Миронова Полина Демьяновна, Konstantin E. Rumyantsev

A two-stage synchronization algorithm is formulated for the system of quantum key distribution (QKD) with a division of a fiber-optic communication line (FOCL) into sections with decreasing length. The analysis of the parameters of the proposed algorithm is carried out. Formulas are defined for calculating the time spent on the synchronization process both for the case of a successful testing and for a testing error. An estimate is given of the analysis time of a FOCL section, where the synchronization of the stations of the QKD system is not ensured within the allowable time. The probabilistic characteristics of a two-stage time algorithm of synchronization are established at the absence of a priori information about the distance between stations.

International Conference on Security of Information and Networks (SIN)Nov 4, 20203 citations

Preliminary stage synchronization algorithm of auto-compensation quantum key distribution system with an unauthorized access security

Konstantin E. Rumyantsev, Anton Pavlovich Pljonkin

A two-pass auto-compensation fiber-optic quantum key distribution system (QKDS) with phase-encoded photon states in synchronization mode has been investigated. Preliminary stage sync initialization algorithm of QKDS that requires impulse-repetition period division into time windows as well as signal time window detection has been proposed. The peculiarity of the algorithm being investigated is that it is implemented in the single-photon mode which improves the synchronization mode security. The second peculiarity is that in case the number of accumulated impulses in two adjacent time windows is equal, it is decided to receive a photon impulse by any of these windows, if the number of accumulated impulses exceeds the number of registered impulses in the rest of the windows. Algorithm modeling has discovered that when the number of time windows is changed from 2 to 100000 probabilities limit values difference does not exceed 0.5 %. Requirements of time window duration ratio to the photon impulse have been formulated. It has been demonstrated that when the number of time windows is increased from 2 to 1024 the probability reduces by less than 1.5 % in case of time uncertainty decrease in respect to the photon impulse occurrence in 512 times. An analytical expression for computation of a signal time window correct detection probability in the proposed algorithm of the preliminary stage QKDS synchronization.

International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)Jan 1, 201620 citations

Features of the Photon Pulse Detection Algorithm in the Quantum Key Distribution System

Anton Pavlovich Pljonkin

A two-pass fiber-optic quantum key distribution system with phase-encoded photon states in synchronization mode has been investigated. The possibility of applying the analytical expressions for the calculation of the correct detection probability of the signal time window at synchronization has been proved. A modernized algorithm of photon pulse detection, taking into account the dead time of the single-photon avalanche photodiode was proposed. The method of engineering an optical pulse detection process during the synchronization in a quantum key distribution system has been offered.

arXiv:1804.07457International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy (CSP)Mar 17, 201714 citations

Study of the characteristics of the synchronization algorithm for a quantum key distribution system based on comparing the number of samples from an adjacent pair of time windows with a threshold level

Миронов Яков Константинович, Миронова Полина Демьяновна, Konstantin E. Rumyantsev

Abstract The analysis of time and probabilistic characteristics is carried out for a two-stage synchronization algorithm in a quantum key distribution (QKD) system with automatic compensation of polarization distortions. Formulas are obtained for calculating the missing probabilities a signal pair of windows, false alarm and successful synchronization. The dependences of the missing probability a signal pair on the average number of photons and noise pulses are investigated during the analysis of a pair of windows for different threshold levels. The numerical material obtained in the course of the study indicates the possibility of using for express calculations the probability of detecting a signal pair of windows formulas oriented to the normal distribution of the number of recorded pulses at the output of a single-photon avalanche photodiode.

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and EngineeringMar 1, 20212 citations

Methodology for calculating the average time of entry into synchronism of stations of the system of quantum key distribution with sequential polling of fiber-optic line sections with decreasing length by the graphic-analytical method

Миронов Яков Константинович, Миронова Полина Демьяновна, Konstantin E. Rumyantsev

A method is proposed for calculating the average time of entry into synchronism of stations of the system of quantum key distribution (QKD) with sequential polling of sections of a fiber-optic communication line (FOCL) with decreasing length. A diagram of states and transitions for a sequential search for a photon pulse is constructed. Analytical expressions are obtained for finding the probability of detecting a photon pulse, the average number of steps for entry into synchronism of stations, the variance of the number of steps and the average time for entry into connection. It is noted that when the FOCL is divided into sections with decreasing length, the level of dark current pulses (DCP) significantly decreases from section to section. The latter allows to reduce the probability of false alarms of the photodetector. The analysis of the results obtained showed that the time of entry into synchronism for the proposed algorithm is 3 times less than the time required for entry into communication of stations in the case of an algorithm-analogue. The results obtained indicate the possibility of increasing the length of the FOCL while ensuring the value of the synchronization error probability at the level of 0.01.

E3S Web of ConferencesJan 1, 20202 citations