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Strong emission near the excitonic resonance in the femtosecond two color three beam four-wave mixing

안영환

Published Jan 1, 1998• 0 citations
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We study exciton dephasing in 8 nm GaAs quantum wells (QW) at 8 K by resonantly exciting the excitons at low densities. For this, we perform femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) measurements using two laser beams. The excitons in the QWs are inhomogeneously broadened, with a photoluminescence linewidth of 1.8 meV. We investigate how the time integrated DFWM signal and its decay rate $\ensuremath{\eta}$ change as the average intensity of either of the two exciting beams is varied separately. We find that the dependence of $\ensuremath{\eta}$ on the intensity of the first pulse is about twice as that for the delayed pulse. We compare the results with a theory based on optical Bloch equations and relaxation rate approximation, accounting phenomenologically for dephasing due to exciton-exciton scattering.
We show the existence of an instantaneous contribution to the time-resolved four-wave mixing (FWM) from GaAs quantum wells near zero time delay (T=0), which is very sensitive to the excitation density and detuning. In spectrally resolved (SR) FWM, this instantaneous contribution corresponds to a broad background, which is stronger in samples with larger inhomogeneous broadening. This spectral background extends well below the heavy-hole exciton, implying that diffraction of laser spectral components with no corresponding density of states occurs near zero delay. Theoretical calculations show that the origin of this instantaneous signal is the free induction decay of off-resonance laser fields, which is dramatically enhanced by the strong pulse overlap and the resulting population grating near T=0. Away from T=0, the delayed, interaction-induced signal dominates. Three-beam SR-FWM also shows the existence of a similar contribution when the first two beams overlap and the third beam is diffracted off the population grating.