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Frontiers in Optics

Parallel Quantum Enhanced Plasmonic Sensing through Spatial Quantum Correlations

Mohammadjavad Dowran, Aye Win, Ashok Kumar, Benjamin J. Lawrie, Raphael C. Pooser, Alberto M. Marino

Published Jan 1, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a parallel quantum enhanced sensing configuration that takes advantage of spatial quantum correlations in bright twin beams. We independently probe different spatial regions of plasmonic sensors with sensitives beyond the shot-noise limit.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2019.jtu3a.48

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Quantum resources can enhance the sensitivity of a device beyond the classical shot noise limit and, as a result, revolutionize the field of metrology through the development of quantum-enhanced sensors. In particular, plasmonic sensors, which are widely used in biological and chemical sensing applications, offer a unique opportunity to bring such an enhancement to real-life devices. Here, we use bright entangled twin beams to enhance the sensitivity of a plasmonic sensor used to measure local changes in refractive index. We demonstrate a 56% quantum enhancement in the sensitivity of state-of-the-art plasmonic sensor with measured sensitivities on the order of 10−1010^{-10}10−10RIU/Hz/\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}/Hz​, nearly 5 orders of magnitude better than previous proof-of-principle implementations of quantum-enhanced plasmonic sensors. These results promise significant enhancements in ultratrace label free plasmonic sensing and will find their way into areas ranging from biomedical applications to chemical detection.
Optical sensors have applications in a range of settings, from measuring mechanical vibrations in manufacturing processes to biometrics in security devices and the detection of proteins and viruses in biomedical research. Many sensing approaches exist and plasmonic systems in particular have been studied extensively due to their ability to confine light below the diffraction limit, which greatly enhances their sensitivity compared to conventional approaches. Recently, various quantum techniques have been discovered that can outperform classical sensing ones and provide sensitivity beyond the shot-noise limit. The use of these quantum techniques in plasmonics for improving sensing performance is currently being explored. We study the performance of a plasmonic sensor that exploits the quantum nature of light and its highly confined field. We consider specialized quantum states and by comparison we show how each can provide improved sensitivity beyond the shot-noise limit.