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Physica C Superconductivity

Flux Feedback Amplifier based on Superconducting Quantum Interference Device

Yongliang Wang, Guofeng Zhang, Xiaofeng Xu, Shulin Zhang, Liangliang Rong, Yong Wang, Xiaoming Xie

Published Jul 29, 2019• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physc.2019.1353510

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The measured input impedance of an amplifier involving a coil tightly coupled to a dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is found to depend on the current and flux biases of the SQUID. Variations in the input inductance arise from the reflected dynamic inductance of the SQUID, and are in reasonable agreement with the predictions of an analog simulator. Variations in the input resistance, on the other hand, arise from feedback between the output of the SQUID and the input circuit, and are in approximate agreement with the predictions of a simple model.
We have designed and demonstrated a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) array linearized with cryogenic feedback. To achieve the necessary loop gain, a 300-element series array SQUID is constructed from three monolithic 100-element series arrays. A feedback resistor completes the loop from the SQUID output to the input coil. The short feedback path of this linearized SQUID array (LISA) allows for a substantially larger flux-locked loop bandwidth as compared to a SQUID flux-locked loop that includes a room temperature amplifier. The bandwidth, linearity, noise performance, and 3 Phi(0) dynamic range of the LISA are sufficient for its use in our target application: the multiplexed readout of transition-edge sensor bolometers.
We experimentally studied two important parameters of helium-cooled superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) in the voltage bias mode: the dynamic resistance Rd and the flux-to-current transfer coefficient ∂i/∂Φ, with different junction shunt resistors RJ. We investigated a voltage-biased SQUID using the direct readout current-to-voltage converter scheme involving an operational amplifier. At higher RJ, the flux-to-voltage conversion coefficient ∂V/∂Φ becomes sufficiently large to effectively suppress the room-temperature amplifier's noise without any need for additional feedback circuits. The McCumber parameter limits the rise of ∂V/∂Φ. We discuss the performance of voltage-biased SQUIDs at different effective McCumber parameters.