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International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking (CommNet)

Physical-Layer Security over Generalized SIMO Multipath Fading Channels

Jules Merlin Moualeu, Paschalis C. Sofotasios, Daniel Benevides da Costa, Walaa Hamouda, Ugo Silva Dias, Sami Muhaidat

Published Apr 1, 2019• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The present work investigates the physical layer security of wireless communication systems over non-homogeneous fading environments, which are typically encountered in realistic wireless transmission scenarios in the context of conventional and emerging communication systems. This is carried out in the context of a single-input multiple-output system that consists of a single-antenna transmitter, a multi-antenna legitimate receiver, and a multi-antenna active eavesdropper. To this end, novel exact analytic expressions are derived for the corresponding average secrecy capacity, which are corroborated by respective results from computer simulations that verify their validity. Capitalizing on the offered results, the physical layer security is quantified in terms of different parameters. This leads to the development of useful insights on the impact of non-homogeneous fading environment and the number of employed antennas on the achieved physical layer security levels of the considered set up.

DOI
10.1109/commnet.2019.8742357

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Intrigued by the rapid growth and expand of wireless devices, data security is increasingly playing a significant role in our daily transactions and interactions with different entities. Possible examples, including e-healthcare information and online shopping, are becoming vulnerable due to the intrinsic nature of wireless transmission medium and the widespread open access of wireless links. Traditionally, the communication security is mainly regarded as the tasks at the upper layers of layered protocol stack, security techniques, including personal access control, password protection, and end-to-end encryption, have been widely studied in the open literature. More recently, plenty of research interests have been drawn to the physical layer forms of secrecy. 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IEEE Access•Jan 1, 2020•28 citations
The present work investigates the physical layer security of wireless communication systems over non-homogeneous fading environments, which are typically encountered in realistic wireless transmission scenarios in the context of conventional and emerging communication systems. This is carried out in the context of a single-input multiple-output system that consists of a single-antenna transmitter, a multi-antenna legitimate receiver, and a multi-antenna active eavesdropper. To this end, novel exact analytic expressions are derived for the corresponding average secrecy capacity, which are corroborated by respective results from computer simulations that verify their validity. Capitalizing on the offered results, the physical layer security is quantified in terms of different parameters. This leads to the development of useful insights on the impact of non-homogeneous fading environment and the number of employed antennas on the achieved physical layer security levels of the considered set up.
The present work investigates the physical layer security of wireless communication systems over non-homogeneous fading environments, i.e., η-μ and λ-μ fading models, which are typically encountered in realistic wireless transmission scenarios in the context of conventional and emerging communication systems. This study considers a single-input multiple-output system that consists of a single-antenna transmitter, a multi-antenna legitimate receiver, and an active multi-antenna eavesdropper. To this end, novel exact analytical expressions are derived for the corresponding average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability, which are corroborated by respective results from computer simulations. Capitalizing on the offered results, the physical layer security is quantified in terms of different parameters, which leads to useful insights on the impact of non-homogeneous fading environment and the number of employed antennas on the achieved physical layer security levels of the underlying system configuration. The offered results and insights are useful for the design of such systems as well as for the computational requirements and sustainability relating to such systems, since emerging communications are largely characterized by stringent quality of service and complexity requirements.
On Physical-Layer Security Over SIMO Generalized- KKK Fading Channels
In this paper, the transmission of confidential messages through single-input multiple-output (SIMO) independent and identically generalized- K ( K G ) fading channels is considered, where the eavesdropper overhears the transmission from the transmitter to the receiver. Both the receiver and the eavesdropper are equipped with multiple antennas, and both active and passive eavesdroppings are considered where the channel state information of the eavesdropper’s channel is or is not available at the transmitter. The secrecy performance of SIMO K G systems is investigated. Analytical expressions for secrecy outage probability and average secrecy capacity of SIMO systems are derived via two different methods, in which K G distribution is approximated by the Gamma and mixture Gamma distributions, respectively. Numerical results are presented and verified via the Monte-Carlo simulation.
Emerging from the information-theoretic characterization of secrecy, physical-layer security exploits the physical properties of the wireless channel for security purpose. In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to investigating the physical-layer security issues in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications. This paper analyzes the secrecy performance of transmit-receive diversity system and spatial multiplexing systems with zero-forcing equalization and minimum mean-square-error equalization. Specifically, exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions are derived for the secrecy outage probability of such MIMO systems in a Rayleigh fading environment, and the corresponding secrecy diversity orders and secrecy array gains are determined. Numerical results are presented to corroborate the analytical results and to examine the impact of various system parameters, including the numbers of antennas at the transmitter, the legitimate receiver, and the eavesdropper. These contributions bring about valuable insights into the physical-layer security in MIMO wireless systems.
Intrigued by the rapid growth and expand of wireless devices, data security is increasingly playing a significant role in our daily transactions and interactions with different entities. Possible examples, including e-healthcare information and online shopping, are becoming vulnerable due to the intrinsic nature of wireless transmission medium and the widespread open access of wireless links. Traditionally, the communication security is mainly regarded as the tasks at the upper layers of layered protocol stack, security techniques, including personal access control, password protection, and end-to-end encryption, have been widely studied in the open literature. More recently, plenty of research interests have been drawn to the physical layer forms of secrecy. As a new but appealing paradigm at physical layer, physical layer security is based on two pioneering works: (i) Shannon’s information-theoretic formulation and (ii) Wyner’s wiretap formulation. \n \nOn account of the fundamental of physical layer security and the different nature of various wireless network, this dissertation is supposed to further fill the lacking of the existing research outcomes. To be specific, the contributions of this dissertation can be summarized as three-fold:(i) exploration of secrecy metrics to more general fading channels; (ii) characterization a new fading channel model and its reliability and security analysis in digital communication systems; and (iii) investigation of physical layer security over the random multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) α −μ fading channels. \n \nTaking into account the classic Alice-Bob-Eve wiretap model, the first contribution can be divided into four aspects: (i) we have investigated the secrecy performance over single-input single-output (SISO) α −μ fading channels. The probability of non-zero (PNZ) secrecy capacity and the lower bound of secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived for the special case when the main channel and wiretap channel undergo the same non-linearity fading parameter, i.e., α. Later on, for the purpose of filling the gap of lacking closed-form expression of SOP in the open literature and extending the obtained results in chapter 2 to the single-input multiple-output (SIMO) α − μ wiretap fading channels, utilizing the fact that the received signal-tonoise ratios (SNRs) at the legitimate receiver and eavesdropper can be approximated as new α −μ distributed random variables (RVs), the SOP metric is therefore derived, and given in terms of the bivariate Fox’s H-function; (ii) the secrecy performance over the Fisher-Snedecor F wiretap fading channels is initially considered. The SOP, PNZ, and ASC are finalized in terms of Meijer’s G-function; (iii) in order to generalize the obtained results over α −μ and Fisher-Snedecor F wiretap fading channels, a more flexible and general fading channel, i.e., Fox’s H-function fading model, are taken into consideration. Both the exact and asymptotic analysis of SOP, PNZ, and average secrecy capacity (ASC), are developed with closed-form expressions; and (iv) finally, motivated by the fact that the mixture gamma (MG) distribution is an appealing tool, which can be used to model the received instantaneous SNRs over wireless fading channels, the secrecy metrics over wiretap fading channels are derived based on the MG approach. \n \nDue to the limited transmission power and communication range, cooperative relays or multi-hop wireless networks are usually regarded as two promising means to address these concerns. Inspired by the obtained results in Chapters 2 and 3, the second main contribution is to propose a novel but simple fading channel model, namely, the cascaded α −μ. This new distribution is advantageous since it encompasses the existing cascaded Rayleigh, cascaded Nakagami-m, and cascaded Weibull with ease. Based on this, both the reliability and secrecy performance of a digital system over cascaded α −μ fading channels are further evaluated. Closed-form expressions of reliability metrics (including amount of fading (AF), outage probability, average channel capacity, and average symbol error probability (ABEP).) and secrecy metrics (including SOP, PNZ, and ASC) are respectively provided. Besides, their asymptotic behaviors are also performed and compared with the exact results. \n \nConsidering the impacts of users’ densities, spatial distribution, and the path-loss exponent on secrecy issue, the third aspect of this thesis is detailed in Chapter 8 as the secrecy investigation of stochastic MIMO system over α −μ wiretap fading channels. Both the stochastic geometry and conventional space-time transmission (STT) scheme are used in the system configuration. The secrecy issue is mathematically evaluated by three metrics, i.e., connection outage, the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity and the ergodic secrecy capacity. Those three metrics are later on derived regarding two ordering scheme, and further compared with Monte-Carlo simulations.
We investigate the physical layer security limits of Wyner's wiretap model over Fisher-Snedecor .T composite fading channels. .T fading conditions have been recently shown to provide an accurate characterization of multipath fading and shadowing effects in emerging wireless transmission scenarios such as body centric, cellular and vehicular communications. To this end, we utilize a redefined analytic expression for the Fisher-Snedecor .T distribution in order to ensure unconstrained validity and reliability when used in the analysis of various performance metrics of interest. In this context, we assume that the main channel (i.e., between the source and the legitimate destination) and the eavesdropper's channel (i.e., between the source and the illegitimate destination) undergo independent quasi-static Fisher-Snedecor .T composite fading. Novel exact analytic expressions are then derived for the corresponding average secrecy capacity (ASC), secure outage probability (SOP) and probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) along with their insightful asymptotic representations. In addition, analytical expressions for the ASC, SOP and SPSC over mixed fading channels such as Nakagami-m/Nakagami-m, Nakagami-m/Fisher-Snedecor .T and Fisher-Snedecor .T/Nakagami-m are derived. The new formulations are validated through comparisons with Monte-Carlo simulations and analyzed to gain useful insights into the impact of the fading parameters on the achievable accuracy and the overall system performance.