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PeerJ Computer Science

On the secrecy performance of transmit-receive diversity and spatial multiplexing systems

Kiattisak Maichalernnukul

Published Apr 22, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Emerging from the information-theoretic characterization of secrecy, physical-layer security exploits the physical properties of the wireless channel for security purpose. In recent years, a great deal of attention has been paid to investigating the physical-layer security issues in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications. This paper analyzes the secrecy performance of transmit-receive diversity system and spatial multiplexing systems with zero-forcing equalization and minimum mean-square-error equalization. Specifically, exact and asymptotic closed-form expressions are derived for the secrecy outage probability of such MIMO systems in a Rayleigh fading environment, and the corresponding secrecy diversity orders and secrecy array gains are determined. Numerical results are presented to corroborate the analytical results and to examine the impact of various system parameters, including the numbers of antennas at the transmitter, the legitimate receiver, and the eavesdropper. These contributions bring about valuable insights into the physical-layer security in MIMO wireless systems.

DOI
10.7717/peerj-cs.186

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The inherent openness of wireless networks exposes them to eavesdropping threats. In dense urban environments, signal propagation is frequently characterized by the keyhole effect, which causes channel rank deficiency and cascaded fading, challenging the assumptions of conventional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) physical layer security. This paper investigates the secrecy performance of MIMO multiple-antenna-eavesdropper (MIMOME) systems over keyhole channels with independent legitimate and eavesdropper links. We analyze the secrecy performance under three progressive scenarios: perfect CSI without artificial noise (AN), perfect CSI with AN-aided transmission, and practical imperfect CSI with AN. Specifically, we derive closed-form asymptotic expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and average secrecy rate (ASR) in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime using Meijer G-functions and Gauss hypergeometric functions, from which the secrecy diversity order and secrecy array gain are explicitly extracted. The analytical results reveal that AN injection successfully restores the secrecy diversity order from zero to one, while imperfect CSI causes AN leakage that leads to ASR saturation and an SOP floor. The derived asymptotic expressions are verified by Monte Carlo simulations. Our findings provide theoretical guidelines by quantifying the trade-off between AN suppression capabilities and self-interference in cascaded fading environments.
The impact of feedback errors on the security performances of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wiretap channels is analyzed. For the legitimate MIMO system, two schemes are considered: 1) transmit antenna selection/maximal ratio combining (TAS/MRC) and 2) transmit antenna selection/receive antenna selection (TAS/RAS). The eavesdropper uses either MRC or RAS techniques. We derive closed-form expressions for the exact secrecy outage probability (SOP) and the probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (PSPSC). In order to obtain the secrecy diversity order and the secrecy array gain, on asymptotic SOP expression is also derived.
We analyze the informat ion-theoretic security of transmit-receive diversity systems in the presence of mult iantenna eavesdroppers.Specifically, exact and asymptotic closed -form expressions are derived for the secrecy outage probability of such systems in a Rayleigh fading environ ment.Based on the latter exp ression, the corresponding secrecy diversity order and secrecy array gain are determined.Nu merical results are presented to verify the analytical results and to investig ate the impact of various system parameters, including the antenna configuration and the number of eavesdroppers.
The present work investigates the physical layer security of wireless communication systems over non-homogeneous fading environments, i.e., η-μ and λ-μ fading models, which are typically encountered in realistic wireless transmission scenarios in the context of conventional and emerging communication systems. This study considers a single-input multiple-output system that consists of a single-antenna transmitter, a multi-antenna legitimate receiver, and an active multi-antenna eavesdropper. To this end, novel exact analytical expressions are derived for the corresponding average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability, which are corroborated by respective results from computer simulations. Capitalizing on the offered results, the physical layer security is quantified in terms of different parameters, which leads to useful insights on the impact of non-homogeneous fading environment and the number of employed antennas on the achieved physical layer security levels of the underlying system configuration. The offered results and insights are useful for the design of such systems as well as for the computational requirements and sustainability relating to such systems, since emerging communications are largely characterized by stringent quality of service and complexity requirements.
Physical layer security (PLS) is investigated in a multiple-input multiple-output multiple-antenna eavesdropper keyhole channel over Rayleigh fading. Specifically, the secrecy performance is evaluated by two secrecy performance metrics including the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and average secrecy rate (ASR). By assuming that the transmitter has full channel state information of the main channel, the SOP and ASR are analyzed. To glean further insights, asymptotic analyses are performed to the SOP and ASR by considering an infinite amount of transmit power. It is found that the asymptotic SOP and ASR converge to some constant and the corresponding rate of convergence is determined by the diversity order and array gain.
The present work investigates the physical layer security of wireless communication systems over non-homogeneous fading environments, which are typically encountered in realistic wireless transmission scenarios in the context of conventional and emerging communication systems. This is carried out in the context of a single-input multiple-output system that consists of a single-antenna transmitter, a multi-antenna legitimate receiver, and a multi-antenna active eavesdropper. To this end, novel exact analytic expressions are derived for the corresponding average secrecy capacity, which are corroborated by respective results from computer simulations that verify their validity. Capitalizing on the offered results, the physical layer security is quantified in terms of different parameters. This leads to the development of useful insights on the impact of non-homogeneous fading environment and the number of employed antennas on the achieved physical layer security levels of the considered set up.