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Dark and Bright-State Polaritons in Triple-Λ Eit System

M. Karthick Selvan

Published Aug 1, 2017• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Properties of polaritons in triple-Λ EIT system are investigated using Sawada-Brout-Chong method. The role of dark and bright-state polaritons in the dynamics of the system is studied in detail by including the decay of excited atomic levels. Time evolution of entanglement of single and three-photon EIT modes within the system is shown to support this study.

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Properties of polaritons in triple-Λ EIT system are investigated using Sawada-Brout-Chong method. The role of dark and bright-state polaritons in the dynamics of the system is studied in detail by including the decay of excited atomic levels. Time evolution of entanglement of single and three-photon EIT modes within the system is shown to support this study.
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We derive the properties of polaritons in single-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ and double-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ media using a microscopic equation-of-motion technique. In each case, the polaritonic dispersion relation and composition arise from a matrix eigenvalue problem for arbitrary control field strengths. We show that the double-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ medium can be used to up- or down-convert single photons while preserving quantum coherence. The existence of a dark-state polariton protects this single-photon four-wave mixing effect against incoherent decay of the excited atomic states. The efficiency of this conversion is limited mainly by the sample size and the lifetime of the metastable state.
An ideal and reversible transfer technique for the quantum state between light and metastable collective states of matter is presented and analyzed in detail. The method is based on the control of photon propagation in coherently driven three-level atomic media, in which the group velocity is adiabatically reduced to zero. Form-stable coupled excitations of light and matter (``dark-state polaritons'') associated with the propagation of quantum fields in electromagnetically induced transparency are identified, their basic properties discussed and their application for quantum memories for light analyzed.
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We present a quantum-theoretical treatment of cavity linewidth narrowing with intracavity electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). By means of intracavity EIT, the photons in the cavity are in the form of cavity polaritons: bright-state polariton and dark-state polariton. Strong coupling of the bright-state polariton to the excited state induces an effect known as vacuum Rabi splitting, whereas the dark-state polariton decoupled from the excited state induces a narrow cavity transmission window. Our analysis would provide a quantum theory of linewidth narrowing with a quantum field pulse.
We study the possibility to store and retrieve quantum information with use of “dark” and ”bright” polaritons in solids with excitonic resonances. In a crystal with Λ-type impurity atoms the upper level lying in the excitonic band of the crystal forms a Fano-type resonant state via configuration interaction with the continuum of crystal’s excitonic band. Polariton states are introduced in case of transitions through excitonic resonance and the properties of these states are studied. We also investigate propagation of dark polariton and show that its shape and quantum state are preserved during propagation. Limiting cases of adiabatic and non-adiabatic turning-on the fields are analyzed in detail.