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Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Physics

Features of the Angular Distribution of Light Scattered by a Cold Atomic Ensemble Placed in a Static Electric Field

Ларионов Николай Владимирович, Igor M. Sokolov, Ya. A. Fofanov

Published Mar 1, 2019• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The angular distribution of light scattered by a cold atomic ensemble placed in an external electric field is investigated analytically. It is shown that the Stark splitting of atomic levels substantially modifies the character of multiple scattering and, in particular, the effect of coherent backscattering of light. The possibility of using the described approaches in the diagnostics of magnetic nanofluids and perfect optical crystals is discussed.

DOI
10.3103/s1062873819030110

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Abstract The angular distribution of light scattered by a cold atomic ensemble placed in an external electric field is investigated analytically. It is shown that the Stark splitting of atomic levels substantially modifies the character of multiple scattering and, in particular, the effect of coherent backscattering of light. The possibility of using the described approaches in the diagnostics of magnetic nanofluids and perfect optical crystals is discussed.
The correlation functions of the electromagnetic radiation scattered by an ensemble of atoms cooled to sub-Doppler temperatures and placed in an external static electric or magnetic field have been calculated by the diagram technique. Based on the derived relations, we have studied in detail the effect of coherent backscattering (CBS) of light. We have calculated the enhancement factor for CBS and analyzed its polarization and spectral dependences. We show that external fields affect the nature of multiple light scattering in an atomic ensemble, in particular, the character of interference upon such scattering, by leading to its optical anisotropy and related birefringence and dichroism. This, in turn, affects all of the observed CBS characteristics.
Abstract An angular distribution of the intensity of light scattered from an optically dense cold atomic ensemble placed into homogeneous static electric or magnetic field is calculated. Partial contributions of different orders of scattering into the selected polarization component of total intensity of the secondary radiation are analyzed. It is demonstrated that static fields make the medium anisotropic, which results in changes in both an angular distribution of such a radiation and relative contributions of different orders of scattering.
We theoretically investigated the angle distribution of light scattered on the cold, optically depth atomic ensemble placed in homogeneous static electric or magnetic field. The different orders of scattered light which are partial contributions into the total intensity for given field polarized component are analyzed. It is shown that the static field by means of induced ensemble anisotropy leads to modification both the angle distribution of total intensity and the relative contribution of different scattered orders of light into the total intensity.
Starting from a microscopic theory for atomic scatterers, we describe the scattering of light by a single atom and study the coherent propagation of light in a cold atomic cloud in the presence of a magnetic field B\mathbf{B}B in the mesoscopic regime. Nonpertubative expressions in BBB are given for the magneto-optical effects and optical anisotropy. We then consider the multiple-scattering regime and address the fate of the coherent-backscattering (CBS) effect. We show that, for atoms with nonzero spin in their ground state, the CBS interference contrast can be increased compared to its value when B=0B=0B=0, a result at variance with classical samples. We validate our theoretical results by a quantitative comparison with experimental data.
The probe light scattering on the cold optically dense atomic ensemble is studied theoretically in the paper. In order to describe multiple scattering of light in the context of quantum electrodynamics, the Konstantinov–Perel–Keldysh diagram technique has been used. This technique allows to rewrite the considered case of light scattering in terms of diagram series where each term describes incoherent scattering of certain order. Decoding these terms allowed us to obtain the explicit analytical expression for the cross-section of multiple incoherent scattering for the case of stationary two-level atoms (transition Jg = 0 → Je = 1). The numerical analysis of this expression carried out by applying the Monte-Carlo simulation made it possible to find an influence of different orders of scattering on forming the angular dependence of scattered light intensity.