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Journal of Optical Communications

Implementation of Polarization-Encoded Quantum Fredkin Gate Using Kerr Effect

Debajyoti Samanta

Published May 10, 2019• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Optics has strong potentiality in data processing. Here, quantum Fredkin gate is implemented with the help of switching property of optical nonlinear material and polarization-based encoding and decoding technique of optical signal. The gate is very much useful for quantum computing and communications.
DOI
10.1515/joc-2019-0077

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Abstract Optics has been successfully used for data processing. The basic building blocks of quantum computers are the quantum gates. Here, a quantum CNOT gate is proposed. To implement the gate advantages of polarization-based encoding technique and optical Kerr material-based switching are utilized. CS2 can show this type of switching feature. An Nd-YAG laser source of 1.064 μm wavelength is used to implement the scheme. Intensity of the laser pulse should be of the order of 1018 W/m2 to excite the 2nd order nonlinearity of the isotropic nonlinear material.
A Fredkin gate is an indispensable logic gate for the applications of the scalable quantum network. Weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities serve as the intermediary between photons and coherent states and thus provide the indirect interaction between photons. By means of weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities, we propose a construction scheme of a nearly deterministic Fredkin gate, where polarization modes of photons carry quantum bits. By virtue of an X homodyne measurement on the coherent state, the appropriate classical feed-forward operations are executed according to the different measurement outcomes. Applying one swap gate and two combination gates and other assistant simple optical elements, the nearly deterministic Fredkin gate is successfully constructed. The unique features of photons as quantum information carriers with high velocity and low decoherence, combined with simple elements and mature operation techniques, afford the possibility to the scheme proposed here which takes aim at feasible quantum logic circuits for practical and scalable quantum computation and quantum communication.
Abstract Reversible gate has been one of the emerging research areas that ensure continual process of innovation trends that explore and utilizes the resources. Due to the increasing power consumption of electronic circuits, it has been observed that quantum computing is one of its latest applications. This technology can be utilized by reducing the energy consumption by preserving the bits of information that are still useful. A photon has zero rest mass, while an electron has a nonzero rest mass. These characteristics inspired the researchers to develop an all-optical Fredkin gate. The proposed gate design overcomes the shortcomings of conventional Fredkin gates and provides better performance.
Abstract Optimizing the physical realization of quantum gates is important to build a quantum computer. The controlled-SWAP gate, also named Fredkin gate, can be widely applicable in various quantum information processing schemes. In the present research, we propose and experimentally implement quantum Fredkin gate in a single-photon hybrid-degrees-of-freedom system. Polarization is used as the control qubit, and SWAP operation is achieved in a four-dimensional Hilbert space spanned by photonic orbital angular momentum. The effective conversion rate P of the quantum Fredkin gate in our experiment is (95.4 ± 2.6)%. Besides, we find that a kind of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger-like states can be prepared by using our quantum Fredkin gate, and these nonseparale states can show its quantum contextual characteristic by the violation of Mermin inequality. Our experimental design and coding method are useful for quantum computing and quantum fundamental study in high-dimensional and hybrid coding quantum systems.