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Optics and Spectroscopy

Maps of Broadband Quantum Memory Based on an Atomic Frequency Comb

Арсланов Наркис Мусавирович, Sergey A. Moiseev

Published Jan 1, 2019• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The influence of the parameters of an inhomogeneously broadened optical transition in the shape of an atomic frequency comb on dispersion effects in the quantum-memory protocol implemented in such an atomic system is investigated. The results allowed maps to be constructed of dispersion and quantum efficiency for implementation of the studied protocol in rare-earth-doped crystals that are promising for creation of a quantum repeater.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x19010028

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Abstract The influence of the parameters of an inhomogeneously broadened optical transition in the shape of an atomic frequency comb on dispersion effects in the quantum-memory protocol implemented in such an atomic system is investigated. The results allowed maps to be constructed of dispersion and quantum efficiency for implementation of the studied protocol in rare-earth-doped crystals that are promising for creation of a quantum repeater.
The possibility of enhancing the quantum efficiency of photon echo broadband quantum memory in rare-earth-ion-doped crystals with a frequency comb structure of optical transition inhomogeneous broadening is studied. We have found the optimal parameters of the frequency combs for implementing the pre-assigned quantum efficiency in the chosen spectral range of the optical transitions of rare-earth ions with real parameters. The obtained results allow the conditions to be formulated for increasing the efficiency of broadband quantum memory. The possibilities of experimental implementation of such memory are also discussed.
An efficient multimode quantum memory is a crucial resource for long-distance quantum communication based on quantum repeaters. We propose a quantum memory based on spectral shaping of an inhomogeneously broadened optical transition into an atomic frequency comb (AFC). The spectral width of the AFC allows efficient storage of multiple temporal modes without the need to increase the absorption depth of the storage material, in contrast to previously known quantum memories. Efficient readout is possible thanks to rephasing of the atomic dipoles due to the AFC structure. Long-time storage and on-demand readout is achieved by use of spin states in a lambda-type configuration. We show that an AFC quantum memory realized in solids doped with rare-earth-metal ions could store hundreds of modes or more with close to unit efficiency, for material parameters achievable today.
We investigated the optimal spectral design of periodic structure of narrow lines (AFC-structure) within the inhomogeneously broadened atomic transition which are created for the implementation of broadband AFC photon echo quantum memory.The influence of the spectral design on the suppression of negative dispersion effects in the AFC-echo retrieval was studied for different spectroscopic parameters of atomic media. The maps of the assigned spectral quantum efficiency have been constructed for the created AFC-structures characterized by different spectral design, finesse and optical depth. Based on the performed analysis, we discuss the possible ways for experimental implementation of highly efficient broadband AFC-protocol.
An optical quantum memory is a device capable of storing the quantum state of a photon and subsequently recalling it faithfully. The efficiency of a memory, which is the focus of this work, is defined as the probability of successful storage and subsequent retrieval of the information. This thesis reports an experiment performed towards making a high efficiency quantum memory by using a cavity enhanced Atomic Frequency Comb (AFC) protocol, implemented in a waveguide in a rare-earth ion doped crystal. Our measurements identified the obstacles that have to be overcome to achieve that aim. Exploiting the cavity dynamics, we managed to estimate the essential parameters in implementation of the scheme. The investigations give a valuable insight into the protocol and the ways to exploit its full potential. Furthermore, the analysis of the experimental observations leads to proposals that may serve as alternatives to current ways of implementing the protocol.
Abstract We implemented the atomic frequency comb protocol for optical quantum memory in an isotopically pure crystal of Y 7 LiF 4 doped by 143 Nd 3+ ions. Echo signals were observed on the 4 I 9/2 (1)– 4 F 3/2 (1) transition, which had inhomogeneous broadening much smaller than the hyperfine splitting of the ground and excited states. We performed hole-burning spectroscopy measurements on several transitions, obtaining information about the hyperfine state lifetimes. An intrinsic hole structure was found on some of the transitions, which allowed us to prepare a comb structure with two clearly defined periods and to observe echo pulses with different time delays.
We present an architecture for remotely connecting cavity-coupled trapped ions via a quantum repeater based on rare-earth-doped crystals. The main challenge for its realization lies in interfacing these two physical platforms, which produce photons with a typical temporal mismatch of one or two orders of magnitude. To address this, we propose an efficient protocol that enables custom temporal reshaping of single-photon pulses while preserving purity. Our approach is to modify a commonly used memory protocol, called atomic frequency comb, for systems exhibiting inhomogeneous broadening like rare-earth-doped crystals. Pertaining to a growing interest in hybrid quantum information systems designed to exploit the distinct advantages of diverse physical components, our results offer a viable solution for uniting quantum processing nodes with a quantum repeater backbone.