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Toward a Raman-free fibered photon pair source at telecom wavelength

Martin Cordier, Adeline Orieux, Thomas Gabet, Eleni Diamanti, Isabelle Zaquine, Thibault Harlé, N. Dubreuil, Philippe Delaye

Published Sep 26, 2016• 2 citations
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Fibered sources of photon pairs can be easily integrated into future quantum communication networks. However, in silica-core fibres, the broadband spectrum of spontaneous Raman scattering strongly contributes to uncorrelated noise photons degrading the quality of the source. To overcome the problem of the silica Raman scattering, a new architecture was recently proposed, with hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (LF-HCPF) whose core and cladding are filled with a non-linear liquid. As opposed to the Raman scattering spectrum of silica, which is broadband and continuous, the Raman scattering spectrum of liquids is composed of narrow lines. Thus, generating photon pairs between these narrow lines permits to avoid the spectral overlap between the SFWM pairs and the Raman photons. A near infra-red LF-HCPCF photon pair source has been demonstrated, featuring a three order of magnitude suppression of the Raman noise [1]. We have also demonstrated the first non-linear LF-PCF with a transmission band and a zero-dispersion-wavelength (ZDW) in the telecom wavelength range combined with a non-linearity of the same order of magnitude as the one of silica, as a first step towards a Raman-free photon pair source in the telecom band [2]. Injecting light on both sides of this fiber in a Sagnac loop configuration can then be used to obtain entanglement.
Raman-scattering noise in silica has been the key obstacle toward the realisation of high quality fiber-based photon-pair sources. Here, we experimentally demonstrate how to get past this limitation by dispersion tailoring a xenon-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber. The source operates at room temperature, and is designed to generate Raman-free photon-pairs at useful wavelength ranges, with idler in the telecom, and signal in the visible range. We achieve a coincidence-to-accidentals ratio as high as 2740 combined with an ultra low heralded second order coherence [Formula: see text], indicating a very high signal to noise ratio and a negligible multi-photon emission probability. Moreover, by gas-pressure tuning, we demonstrate the control of photon frequencies over a range as large as 13 THz, covering S-C and L telecom band for the idler photon. This work demonstrates that hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is an excellent platform to design high quality photon-pair sources, and could play a driving role in the emerging quantum technology.
We report on the experimental characterization of a novel nonlinear liquid-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber for the generation of photon pairs at a telecommunication wavelength through spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM). We show that the optimization procedure in view of this application links the choice of the nonlinear liquid to the design parameters of the fiber, and we give an example of such an optimization at telecom wavelengths. Combining the modeling of the fiber and classical characterization techniques at these wavelengths, we identify for the chosen fiber and liquid combination SFWM phase-matching frequency ranges with no Raman scattering noise contamination. This is a first step toward obtaining a telecom band fibered photon-pair source with a high signal-to-noise ratio.