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Fifth International Symposium on Laser Interaction with Matter

Study on cross-sections between the fine-structure levels of atomic rubidium

Wei Zhang, Shunyan Wang, Guofei An, Juhong Han, Qiang Yu, He Cai, Xiaoxu Liu, Hongyuan Wang, You Wang

Published Mar 29, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The diode-pumped alkali laser (DPAL) is a new type of high-powered laser sources which has been paid much attention in recent years. The fluorescent spectra can be used to investigate how the collisions between atomic rubidium and various buffer gases are affected when a sealed rubidium vapor cell is pumped by a LD. In this study, the cross sections between the fine-structure levels of atomic rubidium in a vapor cell were first theoretically deduced by using a gas kinetic procedure. And then, the sensitized fluorescence was experimentally obtained by means of a series of spectral measurements. Finally, the influence of the temperature on the cross section between the fine -structure levels of atomic rubidium was studied with the systematical analyses. The results are thought to be helpful for deeply understanding the theoretical characteristics of a DPAL at the atomic physics level.

DOI
10.1117/12.2524500

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Cross sections for inelastic transfer between the 82D3/2 and 82D5/2 fine-structure states in rubidium, induced in resonant collisions with ground-state Rb atoms, have been determined using an experimental method involving two-photon excitation of atomic fluorescence. Rubidium vapor in a fluorescence cell was irradiated with pulses of 641 nm radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye-laser tuned to excite one of the 82D states. The resulting fluorescence included the direct component originating from the optically excited state and a sensitized component arising from the other fine-structure state populated by collisions. Relative intensities of the fluorescent components, determined by photon-counting techniques, yielded the cross sections for excitation transfer: Q(2D3/2 → 2D5/2) = 8.1 × 10−13 cm2; Q(2D3/2 ← 2D5/2) = 5.5 × 1013 cm2; as well as [Formula: see text], the effective quenching cross section. The excitation transfer cross sections which are considered accurate to within ±20% are in the ratio predicted by the principle of detailed balancing.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Apr 1, 1981•8 citations
The diode-pumped alkali laser (DPAL) is a new type of high-powered laser sources which has been paid much attention in recent years. The fluorescent spectra can be used to investigate how the collisions between atomic rubidium and various buffer gases are affected when a sealed rubidium vapor cell is pumped by a LD. In this study, the cross sections between the fine-structure levels of atomic rubidium in a vapor cell were first theoretically deduced by using a gas kinetic procedure. And then, the sensitized fluorescence was experimentally obtained by means of a series of spectral measurements. Finally, the influence of the temperature on the cross section between the fine -structure levels of atomic rubidium was studied with the systematical analyses. The results are thought to be helpful for deeply understanding the theoretical characteristics of a DPAL at the atomic physics level.
The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine structure levels of rubidium, induced in collisions with ground state rubidium atoms, have been measured using a nitrogen laser pumped dye laser as the optical excitation source in a fluorescence experiment. Rubidium vapor was irradiated with each component of the 2P rubidium doublet in turn, and measurements of the relative intensities of fluorescence yielded the following cross sections: [Formula: see text] These results are consistent with the empirical relationship between the magnitude of the cross sections and the fine structure splitting that has previously been established for the alkalis.
The spontaneous emission in a cw rubidium diode dumped alkali laser (DPAL) system was analyzed. The fluorescence from higher lying states decreases with additional buffer gas. The intermediate states (7S, 6P, 5D) decay more slowly with buffer gas and scale super-linearly with alkali density. A detailed kinetic model has been constructed, where the dominant mechanisms are energy pooling and single photon ionization. It also includes pumping into the non-Lorentzian wings of absorption profiles, fine structure mixing, collisional de-excitation, and Penning ionization. Effects of ionization in a high powered CW rubidium DPAL were assessed.
Cross sections for 6^D, 7^D and 8^0 fine-structure mixing in Rb, induced in collisions with various ground-state atoms and N2 molecules, have been determined using methods of atomic fluorescence.Rb vapour, pure or mixed with a buffer gas, was irradiated in a glass fluorescence cell with pulses of radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye laser, populating a fine-structure state by two-photon absorption.The resulting fluorescence included a direct component emitted in the decay of .the optically excited state and a sensitized component due to the col1isional1y populated fine-structure state.Measure ments of relative intensities of the two components in relation to buffer gas (or Rb vapour) pressure yielded the following cross sections.-14 2 Inelastic Cross sections (10 cm ) process Rb He Ne Ar Kr Xe I would like to express sincere thanks to Professor L.
The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine-structure substates in rubidium, induced in collisions with noble gas atoms, have been determined in a series of sensitized fluorescence experiments. Mixtures of rubidium vapor and noble gases at pressures varying in the range 0–5 Torr were irradiated with each component of the second 2P rubidium doublet in turn and the following cross sections for 2P mixing were obtained from measurements of sensitised-to-resonance fluorescent intensity ratios. Rb–He: Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) = 29.3 Å2; Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2) = 19.0 Å2. Rb–Ne: Q12 = 10.3 Å2; Q21 = 6.4 Å2. Rb–Ar: Q12 = 24.0 Å2; Q21 = 14.9 Å2. Rb–Kr: Q12 = 23.2 Å2; Q21 = 14.6 Å2. Rb–Xe: Q12 = 43.9 Å2; Q21 = 27.7 Å2 In their dependence on the magnitude of the fine-structure splitting, the values are consistent with previously determined cross sections for mixing in the first and third 2P doublets of alkali atoms.
Abstract : An absorption spectrum of a rubidium alkali metal dispenser (AMD) cell was obtained in order to determine the system s suitability for use in a diode pumped alkali laser (DPAL) and use in high-temperature spectroscopic studies. The AMD produced a concentration of 3.65 0.16 1010 cm-3, which is in the ideal range for Beer s Law region absorption spectroscopy, but too low to make a high-power DPAL in a 10 cm cell with a poor Q resonator. Before AMDs can be used to determine pressure broadening and shifting coefficients, issues concerning contamination and producing rubidium vapor at pressure must be resolved. A separate portion of this study focused on a sealed rubidium Pyrex cell with neon buffer gas. A continuous wave titanium sapphire beam was focused into the cell with various lenses to maximize pump intensity through the cell. Images were taken of the side fluorescence of the cell to determine the bleached regions. The total horizontal propagation of the bleached region for each image was proportional to the pump laser power and the inverse of the rubidium vapor density. Disparity between the bleached volume estimated from the beam parameters and the theoretical bleached volume suggested the beam intensity had a strong radial dependence. When the pump wavelength was changed, visible side fluorescence occurred in regions where the laser intensity was at least 0.125 times the saturation intensity and therefore not in the regions where the decay was determined by Beer s Law.
Cross sections for inelastic transfer between the 82D3/2 and 82D5/2 fine-structure states in rubidium, induced in resonant collisions with ground-state Rb atoms, have been determined using an experimental method involving two-photon excitation of atomic fluorescence. Rubidium vapor in a fluorescence cell was irradiated with pulses of 641 nm radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye-laser tuned to excite one of the 82D states. The resulting fluorescence included the direct component originating from the optically excited state and a sensitized component arising from the other fine-structure state populated by collisions. Relative intensities of the fluorescent components, determined by photon-counting techniques, yielded the cross sections for excitation transfer: Q(2D3/2 → 2D5/2) = 8.1 × 10−13 cm2; Q(2D3/2 ← 2D5/2) = 5.5 × 1013 cm2; as well as [Formula: see text], the effective quenching cross section. The excitation transfer cross sections which are considered accurate to within ±20% are in the ratio predicted by the principle of detailed balancing.