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Canadian Journal of Physics

Transfer of Electronic Excitation between the 62P3/2 and 62P1/2 States of Rubidium Induced by Collisions with Rubidium Atoms

Paul W. Pace, J. B. Atkinson

Published Sep 1, 1974• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine structure levels of rubidium, induced in collisions with ground state rubidium atoms, have been measured using a nitrogen laser pumped dye laser as the optical excitation source in a fluorescence experiment. Rubidium vapor was irradiated with each component of the 2P rubidium doublet in turn, and measurements of the relative intensities of fluorescence yielded the following cross sections: [Formula: see text] These results are consistent with the empirical relationship between the magnitude of the cross sections and the fine structure splitting that has previously been established for the alkalis.

DOI
10.1139/p74-213

Related papers

Sensitized Fluorescence in Vapors of Alkali Atoms. XIII. 62P1/2−62P3/2 Excitation Transfer in Rubidium, Induced in Collisions with Noble Gas Atoms

I. N. Siara, E. S. Hrycyshyn, L. Krause

The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine-structure substates in rubidium, induced in collisions with noble gas atoms, have been determined in a series of sensitized fluorescence experiments. Mixtures of rubidium vapor and noble gases at pressures varying in the range 0–5 Torr were irradiated with each component of the second 2P rubidium doublet in turn and the following cross sections for 2P mixing were obtained from measurements of sensitised-to-resonance fluorescent intensity ratios. Rb–He: Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) = 29.3 Å2; Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2) = 19.0 Å2. Rb–Ne: Q12 = 10.3 Å2; Q21 = 6.4 Å2. Rb–Ar: Q12 = 24.0 Å2; Q21 = 14.9 Å2. Rb–Kr: Q12 = 23.2 Å2; Q21 = 14.6 Å2. Rb–Xe: Q12 = 43.9 Å2; Q21 = 27.7 Å2 In their dependence on the magnitude of the fine-structure splitting, the values are consistent with previously determined cross sections for mixing in the first and third 2P doublets of alkali atoms.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Aug 15, 1972•19 citations

82D3/2 ↔ 82D5/2 excitation transfer in rubidium induced in collisions with ground-state Rb atoms

Małgorzata Głódź, J. B. Atkinson, L. Krause

Cross sections for inelastic transfer between the 82D3/2 and 82D5/2 fine-structure states in rubidium, induced in resonant collisions with ground-state Rb atoms, have been determined using an experimental method involving two-photon excitation of atomic fluorescence. Rubidium vapor in a fluorescence cell was irradiated with pulses of 641 nm radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye-laser tuned to excite one of the 82D states. The resulting fluorescence included the direct component originating from the optically excited state and a sensitized component arising from the other fine-structure state populated by collisions. Relative intensities of the fluorescent components, determined by photon-counting techniques, yielded the cross sections for excitation transfer: Q(2D3/2 → 2D5/2) = 8.1 × 10−13 cm2; Q(2D3/2 ← 2D5/2) = 5.5 × 1013 cm2; as well as [Formula: see text], the effective quenching cross section. The excitation transfer cross sections which are considered accurate to within ±20% are in the ratio predicted by the principle of detailed balancing.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Apr 1, 1981•8 citations

Transfer of Electronic Excitation between the 72P1/2 and 72P3/2 States of Cesium Induced by Collisions with Cesium Atoms

Paul W. Pace, J. B. Atkinson

The method of sensitized fluorescence has been employed to investigate the [Formula: see text] excitation transfer processes in cesium induced in collisions with ground state cesium atoms. The cesium vapor density was kept sufficiently low to enable the cross sections for the mixing process to be determined under single collision conditions and to ensure that radiation trapping and quenching were negligible. A nitrogen laser pumped dye laser was used to excite the cesium atoms to each of the 72P levels in turn and measurements of the relative intensities of fluorescence yielded the following cross sections: [Formula: see text] These results are consistent with the empirical relationship between the magnitude of the cross sections and the fine structure splitting that has previously been determined for the alkalis.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Sep 1, 1974•16 citations

Inelastic Collisions between Excited Alkali Atoms and Molecules. VIII. 62P1/2–62P3/2 Mixing and Quenching in Mixtures of Rubidium with H2, HD, D2, N2, CH4, and CD4

I. N. Siara, L. Krause

Excitation transfer between the 62P fine-structure substates in rubidium, induced in inelastic collisions with ground-state molecules, has been studied using techniques of sensitized fluorescence. Rubidium vapor in mixtures with various molecular gases was irradiated with each component of the 2P rubidium doublet in turn, and measurements of sensitized-to-resonance fluorescent intensity ratios yielded the following mixing cross sections Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) and Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2), as well as effective quenching cross sections Q1X(2P1/2 → 2XJ″) and Q2X(2P3/2 → 2XJ″). For collisions with H2: Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) = (41 ± 5) Å2; Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2) = (26 ± 3) Å2; Q1X(2P1/2 → 2XJ″) = (36 ± 9) Å2; Q2X(2P3/2 → 2XJ″) = (31 ± 8) Å2. For HD: Q12 = (42 ± 5) Å2; Q21 = (27 ± 4) Å2; Q1X = (47 ± 13) Å2; Q2X = (38 ± 10) Å2. For D2: Q12 = (42 ± 5) Å2; Q21 = (27 ± 4) Å2; Q1X = (28 ± 8) Å2; Q2X = (21 ± 7) Å2. For N2: Q12 = (107 ± 15) Å2; Q21 = (70 ± 10) Å2; Q1X = (128 ± 44) Å2; Q2X = (126 ± 33) Å2. For CH4: Q12 = (38 ± 6) Å2; Q21 = (24 ± 3) Å2; Q1X = (129 ± 41) Å2; Q2X = (114 ± 37) Å2. For CD4: Q12 = (52 ± 7) Å2; Q21 = (34 ± 5) Å2; Q1X = (82 ± 30) Å2; Q2X = (76 ± 22) Å2. An analysis of these results suggests the possibility of resonances with various molecular rotational and vibrational transitions.

Canadian Journal of Physics•Feb 1, 1973•19 citations

Rubidium 52P fine-structure transitions induced by collisions with potassium and caesium atoms

Cedomil Vadla, S. Knezović, Mladen Movre

A diode-laser fluorescence experiment was performed in order to study fine-structure transitions between 5 2 P states of rubidium atoms colliding with ground-state potassium or caesium atoms. The Rb (5 2 P 3 2/) state was optically excited and the intensity ratio of sensitized to direct fluorescence was measured. The obtained cross sections for the excitation energy transfer Rb( 2 P 3 2/) to Rb( 2 P 1 2/) induced by collisions with K and Cs (T=573 K) are sigma =54 AA 2 +or-30% and sigma =15 AA 2 +or-30%, respectively. Assuming detailed balancing, the cross sections for the reverse process Rb( 2 P 1 2/) to Rb( 2 P 3 2/) are sigma =60 AA 2 +or-30%, and sigma =16.5 AA 2 +or-30% for K and Cs, respectively.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Mar 28, 1992•9 citations

Laser-influenced fluorescence spectroscopy of rubidium atoms and mercury molecules.

J. Supronowicz

Cross sections for 6^D, 7^D and 8^0 fine-structure mixing in Rb, induced in collisions with various ground-state atoms and N2 molecules, have been determined using methods of atomic fluorescence.Rb vapour, pure or mixed with a buffer gas, was irradiated in a glass fluorescence cell with pulses of radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye laser, populating a fine-structure state by two-photon absorption.The resulting fluorescence included a direct component emitted in the decay of .the optically excited state and a sensitized component due to the col1isional1y populated fine-structure state.Measure ments of relative intensities of the two components in relation to buffer gas (or Rb vapour) pressure yielded the following cross sections.-14 2 Inelastic Cross sections (10 cm ) process Rb He Ne Ar Kr Xe I would like to express sincere thanks to Professor L.

•Jan 1, 1985•0 citations
The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine structure levels of rubidium, induced in collisions with ground state rubidium atoms, have been measured using a nitrogen laser pumped dye laser as the optical excitation source in a fluorescence experiment. Rubidium vapor was irradiated with each component of the 2P rubidium doublet in turn, and measurements of the relative intensities of fluorescence yielded the following cross sections: [Formula: see text] These results are consistent with the empirical relationship between the magnitude of the cross sections and the fine structure splitting that has previously been established for the alkalis.
The cross sections for excitation transfer between the 62P fine-structure substates in rubidium, induced in collisions with noble gas atoms, have been determined in a series of sensitized fluorescence experiments. Mixtures of rubidium vapor and noble gases at pressures varying in the range 0–5 Torr were irradiated with each component of the second 2P rubidium doublet in turn and the following cross sections for 2P mixing were obtained from measurements of sensitised-to-resonance fluorescent intensity ratios. Rb–He: Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) = 29.3 Å2; Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2) = 19.0 Å2. Rb–Ne: Q12 = 10.3 Å2; Q21 = 6.4 Å2. Rb–Ar: Q12 = 24.0 Å2; Q21 = 14.9 Å2. Rb–Kr: Q12 = 23.2 Å2; Q21 = 14.6 Å2. Rb–Xe: Q12 = 43.9 Å2; Q21 = 27.7 Å2 In their dependence on the magnitude of the fine-structure splitting, the values are consistent with previously determined cross sections for mixing in the first and third 2P doublets of alkali atoms.
Cross sections for inelastic transfer between the 82D3/2 and 82D5/2 fine-structure states in rubidium, induced in resonant collisions with ground-state Rb atoms, have been determined using an experimental method involving two-photon excitation of atomic fluorescence. Rubidium vapor in a fluorescence cell was irradiated with pulses of 641 nm radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye-laser tuned to excite one of the 82D states. The resulting fluorescence included the direct component originating from the optically excited state and a sensitized component arising from the other fine-structure state populated by collisions. Relative intensities of the fluorescent components, determined by photon-counting techniques, yielded the cross sections for excitation transfer: Q(2D3/2 → 2D5/2) = 8.1 × 10−13 cm2; Q(2D3/2 ← 2D5/2) = 5.5 × 1013 cm2; as well as [Formula: see text], the effective quenching cross section. The excitation transfer cross sections which are considered accurate to within ±20% are in the ratio predicted by the principle of detailed balancing.
The method of sensitized fluorescence has been employed to investigate the [Formula: see text] excitation transfer processes in cesium induced in collisions with ground state cesium atoms. The cesium vapor density was kept sufficiently low to enable the cross sections for the mixing process to be determined under single collision conditions and to ensure that radiation trapping and quenching were negligible. A nitrogen laser pumped dye laser was used to excite the cesium atoms to each of the 72P levels in turn and measurements of the relative intensities of fluorescence yielded the following cross sections: [Formula: see text] These results are consistent with the empirical relationship between the magnitude of the cross sections and the fine structure splitting that has previously been determined for the alkalis.
Excitation transfer between the 62P fine-structure substates in rubidium, induced in inelastic collisions with ground-state molecules, has been studied using techniques of sensitized fluorescence. Rubidium vapor in mixtures with various molecular gases was irradiated with each component of the 2P rubidium doublet in turn, and measurements of sensitized-to-resonance fluorescent intensity ratios yielded the following mixing cross sections Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) and Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2), as well as effective quenching cross sections Q1X(2P1/2 → 2XJ″) and Q2X(2P3/2 → 2XJ″). For collisions with H2: Q12(2P1/2 → 2P3/2) = (41 ± 5) Å2; Q21(2P1/2 ← 2P3/2) = (26 ± 3) Å2; Q1X(2P1/2 → 2XJ″) = (36 ± 9) Å2; Q2X(2P3/2 → 2XJ″) = (31 ± 8) Å2. For HD: Q12 = (42 ± 5) Å2; Q21 = (27 ± 4) Å2; Q1X = (47 ± 13) Å2; Q2X = (38 ± 10) Å2. For D2: Q12 = (42 ± 5) Å2; Q21 = (27 ± 4) Å2; Q1X = (28 ± 8) Å2; Q2X = (21 ± 7) Å2. For N2: Q12 = (107 ± 15) Å2; Q21 = (70 ± 10) Å2; Q1X = (128 ± 44) Å2; Q2X = (126 ± 33) Å2. For CH4: Q12 = (38 ± 6) Å2; Q21 = (24 ± 3) Å2; Q1X = (129 ± 41) Å2; Q2X = (114 ± 37) Å2. For CD4: Q12 = (52 ± 7) Å2; Q21 = (34 ± 5) Å2; Q1X = (82 ± 30) Å2; Q2X = (76 ± 22) Å2. An analysis of these results suggests the possibility of resonances with various molecular rotational and vibrational transitions.
A diode-laser fluorescence experiment was performed in order to study fine-structure transitions between 5 2 P states of rubidium atoms colliding with ground-state potassium or caesium atoms. The Rb (5 2 P 3 2/) state was optically excited and the intensity ratio of sensitized to direct fluorescence was measured. The obtained cross sections for the excitation energy transfer Rb( 2 P 3 2/) to Rb( 2 P 1 2/) induced by collisions with K and Cs (T=573 K) are sigma =54 AA 2 +or-30% and sigma =15 AA 2 +or-30%, respectively. Assuming detailed balancing, the cross sections for the reverse process Rb( 2 P 1 2/) to Rb( 2 P 3 2/) are sigma =60 AA 2 +or-30%, and sigma =16.5 AA 2 +or-30% for K and Cs, respectively.
Cross sections for 6^D, 7^D and 8^0 fine-structure mixing in Rb, induced in collisions with various ground-state atoms and N2 molecules, have been determined using methods of atomic fluorescence.Rb vapour, pure or mixed with a buffer gas, was irradiated in a glass fluorescence cell with pulses of radiation from a N2 laser-pumped dye laser, populating a fine-structure state by two-photon absorption.The resulting fluorescence included a direct component emitted in the decay of .the optically excited state and a sensitized component due to the col1isional1y populated fine-structure state.Measure ments of relative intensities of the two components in relation to buffer gas (or Rb vapour) pressure yielded the following cross sections.-14 2 Inelastic Cross sections (10 cm ) process Rb He Ne Ar Kr Xe I would like to express sincere thanks to Professor L.