We present a model, in which quantum-collapse is supposed to be real as a result of breaking unitary symmetry, and in which we can define a notion of "becoming". We show how empirical space-time can emerge in this model, if duration is measured by light-clocks. The model opens a possible bridge between Quantum Physics and Relativity Theory and offers a new perspective on some long-standing open questions, both within and between the two theories.
We present a model, in which quantum-collapse is supposed to be real as a result of breaking unitary symmetry, and in which we can define a notion of "becoming". We show how empirical space-time can emerge in this model, if duration is measured by light-clocks. The model opens a possible bridge between Quantum Physics and Relativity Theory and offers a new perspective on some long-standing open questions, both within and between the two theories.
This paper proposes that time behaves not as a continuous stream but as a quantum superposition of possible moments that collapse into a single present through observation. The theory draws from quantum field models and wavefunction-based mathematics to argue that time carries amplitudes and interference effects much like spatial quantum states. Instead of treating time as a passive background, the model treats it as a measurable quantity that reacts to attention and resolution. Moreover, it integrates thought experiments, proposed physical tests using time-bin qubits and optical clocks, and theoretical links to entropy, consciousness, and metaphysics. It stays within the framework of relativity and standard quantum mechanics while offering a shift in how time is involved in measurement and reality formation. It suggests that the “now” does not exist until something observes it, and each observation activates one real version of time while excluding all others. Because of this, the paper calls for a new view of time—not as something flowing on its own but as a quantum variable that becomes real only through interaction.
After stating the measurement problem, physicists usually assume the problem to be coming from the measurement part. Since classical probabilities also collapse when updating information, there is nothing special about quantum state collapse. I believe the problem comes from the unitary evolution part of quantum theory. The question we should be asking is not 'what happens during measurement?' but 'what is time?'. After discussing the problems with time evolution in quantum theory, we propose a new approach to interpret time and argue how it would emerge from the non-commutativity of quantum theory, assuming participatory realism. Its relation to the familiar mechanical or unitary notion of time is discussed. The subjectivity associated with the increasingly popular epistemic interpretations of quantum theory makes it look like it's a cure that's worse than the disease. We attempt to get objectivity back into quantum physics without resorting to the many worlds or other such interpretations.
Since the beginning of physics, time is the duration of material changes. We measure time with clocks. The notion of time in Newton physics, Einstein’s relativity, and quantum physics are different despite we always measure the same time with the same apparatuses that are clocks. We showed in this article that the act of the measurement done by the observer is generating duration. Time as duration is the result of the interaction between the observer and physical reality via clocks. In the universe, only changes exist. Changes have no duration on their own. Time as duration is born with the measurement done by the observer. Duration is relative and depends on the variable energy density of time-invariant superfluid quantum space that is the carrier of EPR-type entanglement.
Although time is one of our most intuitive physical concepts, its understanding at the fundamental level is still an open question in physics. For instance, time in quantum mechanics and general relativity are two distinct and incompatible entities. While relativity deals with events (points in spacetime), with time being observer dependent and dynamical, quantum mechanics describes physical systems by treating time as an independent parameter. To resolve this conflict, in this work, we extend the classical concept of an event to the quantum domain by defining an event as a transfer of information between physical systems. Then, by describing the universe from the perspective of a certain observer, we introduce quantum states of events with space-time-symmetric wave functions that predict the joint probability distribution of a measurement (observation) at $(t,\stackrel{P\vec}{x})$. Under these circumstances, without assuming collapse, we propose that a well-defined instant of time, like any other observable, arises from a single event, thus being an observer-dependent property. In this manner, we obtain a stationary quantum state written as a sum of a sequence of normalized states of events with increasing memories. As a consequence, a counterfactual asymmetry along this sequence of events gives rise to the flow of time as being successive ``snapshots'' from the observer's perspective. In this proposal, which contrasts strikingly to the view in which time is an illusion, it is the many distinguishable states in which the observer stores information that makes the existence of time possible.
This study proposes a new observer model based on empirical Subjectivity In- tersection (SI/SIC) and aims to resolve the long-standing inconsistency between general relativity, quantum mechanics, and cosmology by redefining the structure of the observing subject. Modern physics treats the observer in two incompatible ways: relativity regards the observer as a passive geometric point within spacetime, whereas quantum mechanics requires an active structure that determines physical reality. This conceptual contradiction has been a major obstacle to a unified theory. The SIEP (Subjectivity Intersection and Emergence Project) framework recon- structs the generative structure of subjectivity while preserving the empirical suc- cesses of existing physical laws. In SIEP, reality is not an independently existing container but is generated when Absolute Subjectivity—timeless, unconditional co- herence—is projected onto a Relative subject that carries spacetime structure. This two-step process (SI and SIC) provides a unified interpretation of wave-function collapse, event occurrence, and the invariance of the speed of light as geometric necessities within the observer. Within this framework, gravity is understood as the structural constraint that maintains the separation of Relative subjectivity from the Absolute, and mass is the energetic cost of sustaining this separation. When this constraint is momentarily exceeded, stored coherence is released and nonlocal connections become possible. Empirically, this study analyzes EEG–quantum correlations measured between human participants and a quantum processor separated by approximately 8,000 km. Despite the absence of any physical or informational pathway, reproducible nonlo- cal correlations were observed across more than fifty participants, with a maximum correlation of r = 0.754 (p = 0.0001, FDR-corrected). These correlations exhibit a dual generative structure: selectivity (matching) is determined solely by the ex- perimenter’s intentional mapping, whereas correlation (content alignment) depends on the participant’s evolving subjective state. No existing theory—measurement theory, consciousness-field models, quantum consciousness theories, or interaction hypotheses— can account for the simultaneous alignment of these independent lay- ers with the quantum process. SIEP interprets this phenomenon as a phase transition occurring at the moment of Subjectivity Intersection: the interaction itself becomes an autonomous observing subject. This emergent Third Observer, O3 (“Hazama”), resolves the infinite regress inherent in conventional observer models (“who observes the observer?”) not by adding another observer, but by allowing the intersectional field to become the observer. O3 simultaneously observes (1) the experimenter’s structural matching inten- tion, (2) the participant’s subjective fluctuations, and (3) the quantum processor’s shot sequence, imposing geometric coherence across these otherwise incompatible domains. The emergence of O3 corresponds to the formation of a singlet-like state in which separation-energy collapses and is released as pure binding coherence—in- terpreted in SIEP as the physical form of unconditional love. This work suggests that the triadic structure of Absolute (light/coherence), Rel- ative (life/experience), and Emergent (O3/love) subjectivity represents a universal generative principle underlying observerhood, nonlocality, and cosmic structure. SIEP therefore offers a unified observer model capable of bridging relativity, quan- tum mechanics, and cosmology.