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Optics Express

Multiple EIT and EIA in optical microresonators

Tao Wang, Yunqi Hu, Chunguang Du, Gui‐Lu Long

Published Feb 27, 2019• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Multiple-path interference plays a fundamental role in classical and quantum physics. In this work, we propose two general schemes to realize multiple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in coupled microresonators and optomechanical systems. We give explicit physical descriptions and find out that these two schemes are essentially equivalent to each other. More importantly, we experimentally demonstrate both multiple EIT and EIA by coupling a microtoroid to a microsphere that supports multiple high Q optical modes with dense modes distributions. The theory fits well with the experimental results. We believe that our study and experimental results lay a foundation for realizing arbitrary multiple pathways interference in applications.

DOI
10.1364/oe.27.007344

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Physical Review A•Nov 2, 2023•12 citations
Multiple-path interference plays a fundamental role in classical and quantum physics. In this work, we propose two general schemes to realize multiple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in coupled microresonators and optomechanical systems. We give explicit physical descriptions and find out that these two schemes are essentially equivalent to each other. More importantly, we experimentally demonstrate both multiple EIT and EIA by coupling a microtoroid to a microsphere that supports multiple high Q optical modes with dense modes distributions. The theory fits well with the experimental results. We believe that our study and experimental results lay a foundation for realizing arbitrary multiple pathways interference in applications.
Recently Qu and Agarwal [Phys. Rev. A 22, 031802 (2013)] found a three-pathway electromagnetically induced absorption (TEIA) phenomenon within a mechanically coupled two-cavity system, where there exist a sharp EIA dip in the broad electromagnetically induced transparency peak in the transmission spectrum. In this work, we study the response of a probe light in a pair of directly coupled microcavities with one mechanical mode. We find that in addition to the sharp TEIA dip within a broad EIT window as found by Qu and Agarwal, three-pathway electromagnetically induced transparency (TEIT) within the broad EIT window could also exist under certain conditions. We give explicit physical explanations and detailed calculations. Our results provide a method for controlling transition between TEIA and TEIT in coupled optomechanical systems, and reveal the multiple pathways interference is versatile for controlling light.
Optical interference and the related effects are key elements which could exhibit the properties of both classical and quantum optical systems. Usually, the interference between different optical paths may produce intriguing effects, such as the electromagnetically induced transparent (EIT) and so on. In this work, we study the interference effects in directly coupled whispering-gallery mode (WGM) micro-resonators, in which the emergence of EIT and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) could be observed. We find by tuning the coupling strength between the resonators, the modulation phase may control the appearance and disappearance of EIT (EIA). Furthermore, we prove the existence of fast and slow light, and propose a scheme for effective switching between them. This work provides a new strategy for obtaining slow light and quantum storage in the WGM micro-resonators.
We theoretically investigate the classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in a planar metamaterial at optical frequency, which originates from destructive and constructive interference between dark and radiative elements.The metamaterial consists of two coupled resonators with different geometries.An EIT-like transparent window with low absorption is observed and found to be strongly affected by resonant states of the resonators.The transition between the EIT and EIA is achieved by changing the split width and coupling distance.The absorption is enhanced up to 2.5 times compared with the dipolar case.The excitation of the dark mode is very important for EIT-and EIA-like responses of the proposed metamaterial.The EIT and EIA phenomena offer a potential method for manipulating electromagnetic response in metamaterial-based devices.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) are two phenomena that can be observed in whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical microresonators. Transition from EIT to EIA has potential applications in optical switching, filtering and sensing. In this paper an observation of the transition from EIT to EIA in a single WGM microresonator is presented. A fiber taper is used to couple light into and out of a sausage-like microresonator (SLM) that contains two coupled optical modes with significantly different quality factors. By stretching the SLM axially the resonance frequencies of the two coupled modes are tuned to the same, a transition from EIT to EIA is then observed in the transmission spectra when the fiber taper is moved closer to the SLM. It is the special spatial distribution of the optical modes of the SLM that provide a theoretical basis for the observation.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a quantum interference effect arising from different transition pathways of optical fields. Within the transparency window, both absorption and dispersion properties strongly change, which results in extensive applications such as slow light and optical storage. Due to the ultrahigh quality factors, massive production on a chip and convenient all‐optical control, optical microcavities provide an ideal platform for realizing EIT. Here we review the principle and recent development of EIT in optical microcavities. We focus on the following three situations. First, for a coupled‐cavity system, all‐optical EIT appears when the optical modes in different cavities couple to each other. Second, in a single microcavity, all‐optical EIT is created when interference happens between two optical modes. Moreover, the mechanical oscillation of the microcavity leads to optomechanically induced transparency. Then the applications of EIT effect in microcavity systems are discussed, including light delay and storage, sensing, and field enhancement. A summary is then given in the final part of the paper.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) have many applications, especially for achieving slow light and fast light. EIT and EIA have been widely observed in both quantum and classical systems where two transition pathways could interference destructively or constructively. Multipathway interference has been a concern in recent works, however, due to the difficulty of precisely controlling the system parameters, the experimental study of multipathway interference is generally challenging. In this paper, we explore a coupled high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) resonator platform for implementing three-pathway electromagnetically induced transparency (TEIT) and absorption (TEIA). In our system, both resonant frequencies and linewidths (loss) of each resonator as well as their coupling strength can be precisely controlled, thus TEIT and TEIA can be implemented as a set. Our proposed method shows great potential for use in microwave signal processing in the future, such as slow wave, fast wave, and radio-frequency memory. Our results indicate the HTS resonator is an ideal platform for investigating versatile coherent phenomena.