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ACS Omega

Competition between Polarization-Dressing and Phonon Effects in Fourth-Order Fluorescence of Pr3+:Y2SiO5

Ruimin Wang, Tianyi Xie, Xinghua Li, Wei Li, Yameng Li, Jianyong Mao, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Jan 15, 2019• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We report modulating spontaneous four-wave mixing, fourth-order fluorescence, and intensity noise correlation by polarization-dressing effect at different temperatures in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. The delay time, Autler–Townes splitting, and shape of correlation curve are changed observably with temperature and polarization state of dressing field. These results demonstrate competition between polarization-dressing and phonon effects. The impact of temperature on nonlinear response is very important for the stability of quantum optical devices.

DOI
10.1021/acsomega.8b02770

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Abstract We report modulating spontaneous four-wave mixing, fourth-order fluorescence, and intensity noise correlation by polarization-dressing effect at different temperatures in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. The delay time, Autler–Townes splitting, and shape of correlation curve are changed observably with temperature and polarization state of dressing field. These results demonstrate competition between polarization-dressing and phonon effects. The impact of temperature on nonlinear response is very important for the stability of quantum optical devices.
We investigate the effect of single dressing and double dressing on fourth-order fluorescence (FL) and spontaneous four-wave mixing. The single dressing effect changes to a double dressing effect as we change the detuning (power) of the input beam from off-resonant (low power) to resonant point (high power). We also demonstrate the spectral and temporal nature of fourth-order FL and its Autler–Townes splitting caused by the competition of the phonon effect (at different temperatures) with a single and double dressed state in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal. To further explore the competition between the phonon and dressing effects, we investigated intensity-noise correlation of spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing at 110 K. Our results demonstrate the dependency of YSO crystal on temperature, detuning, and power, which can be controlled by the competition between a phonon with single and double dressing.
We explore the alteration that occurs in Autler-Townes (AT) splitting caused by the competition of phonon intensity and polarized dressing fields in second-order fluorescence (FL) signals in both the spectral and the time domain. By varying the polarization dressing along with temperature, we control the AT-splitting of the FL signal. Furthermore, we analyze the noise correlation and squeezing of spontaneous four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) to investigate the effect of phonon and polarized dressing fields. These results are applied for optical temperature sensors and switching devices, which can be controlled by the competition between phonon and polarization dressing. Optical temperature sensor sensitivity and switching speeds are 96% and 15 ns, respectively.
We report the competition between the spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing and second- or fourth-order fluorescence (FL) signals in Pr 3+ :Y 2 SiO 5 crystal. By changing the powers of controlling fields and blocking different fields, the competitive two signals can be identified through the dressing effect. Meanwhile, the delay of fourth-order FL in the time domain results from splitting the energy level. Such results can find potential applications in optical information storage and processing on a photonic chip.
We report dressed intensity noise correlation and intensity-difference squeezing based on spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SP-FWM) in Pr³⁺:Y₂SiO₅ crystal both experimentally and theoretically. We found such intensity noise correlation and intensity-difference squeezing can be controlled by using the dressing effect to manipulate the nonlinear optical coefficient of the SP-FWM process. By changing detuning and power of the optical field, we manipulate the nonlinear optical coefficient of the SP-FWM process, thus control the correlation and squeezing. The results show stronger correlation and squeezing with single dressing, while weaker near the resonant point due to destructive double dressing. Furthermore,we observed the dependence of correlation times on the power of dressing field, and explained by the combination of the dressing effect and induced dipole-dipole interaction. We also showed the fourth-order fluorescence signals accompanying with the SP-FWM process.
We report the two- and three-mode correlation of phase-conjugate four-wave mixing and fourth-order fluorescence in Pr3+:Y2SiO5crystal. The degree of correlation is controlled by changing the position of detecting time and polarization state of pumping field. The switching between correlation and anti-correlation was observed at different positions of detecting time because of the competition between four-wave mixing and fourth-order fluorescence signals. The obvious variation of correlation degree was also observed at different polarization states, which is interpreted by the different Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and the EIT subsystem induced by polarization dressing effect.