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New even parity energy levels of Pr I found by excitation of transitions in the region 560 - 695 nm

Tahir Iqbal, Souratosh Khan, Imran Ahmad Siddiqui, Zaheer Uddin, Laurentius Windholz

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
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Blue laser cooling transitions in Tm I

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We have studied possible candidates for laser cool- ing transitions in 169 Tm in the spectral region of 410-420 nm. By means of saturation absorption spectroscopy, we have meas- ured the hyperfine structure and rates of two nearly closed cy- cling transitions from the ground state 4 f 13 6s 2 ( 2 F0)(Jg = 7/2) to upper states 4 f 12 ( 3 H5)5d3/26s 2 (Je = 9/2) at 410. 6n m and 4 f 12 ( 3 F4)5d5/26s 2 (Je = 9/2) at 420.4 nm and evaluated the life times of the excited levels as 15.9(8) ns and 48 (6) ns, respectively. Decay rates from these levels to neighboring opposite-parity levels are evaluated by means of Hartree-Fock calculations. We conclude that the strong transition at 410. 6n m has an optical leak rate of less then 2 × 10 −5 and can be used for efficient laser cooling of 169 Tm from a thermal atomic beam. The hyperfine structure of two other even-parity levels, which can be excited from the ground state at 409. 5n m and 418.9 nm, is also measured by the same technique. In addition, we give a calculated value of 7(2) s −1 for the rate of magnetic- dipole transition at 1.14 µm between the fine structure levels (Jg = 7/2) ↔ (J � = 5/2) of the ground state which can be con- sidered as a candidate for applications in atomic clocks.

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Stable Bound States of Yb and Pr Negative Ions

ALFRED Z. MSEZANE, Z. Felfli, D. Sokolovski

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•May 29, 2008•0 citations
Even-parity highly excited states of an europium (Eu) atom have been investigated by employing the three-colour stepwise resonant excitation technique. Seventy-eight even-parity states of the Eu atom have been detected in the energy region between 43 500 and 45 200 cm −1 with two different excitation schemes. With a detailed analysis of the experimental data, this work not only confirms or improves the previous results by determining their level energy, J assignment, but also reports 21 new states of the Eu atom with a unique J assignment. In addition, the information about relative line intensities of these 78 related transitions are also provided for the first time.
We present new experimental data on the highly excited levels in mercury using the optogalvanic detection technique in conjunction with a dc discharge cell. The collisionally populated 6s6p 3P2 metastable level has been used as an intermediate level to access the Rydberg states using a frequency-doubled dye laser covering the wavelength region between 370 and 249 nm. The optogalvanic data reveal 6sns 3S1(13≤n≤50), 6snd 2D1(6≤n≤18), 6snp 3D1(6≤n≤14), 6snd 3D2(6≤n≤15), and 6snd 3D3(6≤n≤59) Rydberg series. The 6sns 3S1 and 6snd 3D3 Rydberg series to such a high n value have been reported for the first time. In addition, collisionally induced parity-forbidden transitions 6snp 3P1(44≤n≤50) have been detected.
We have studied possible candidates for laser cool- ing transitions in 169 Tm in the spectral region of 410-420 nm. By means of saturation absorption spectroscopy, we have meas- ured the hyperfine structure and rates of two nearly closed cy- cling transitions from the ground state 4 f 13 6s 2 ( 2 F0)(Jg = 7/2) to upper states 4 f 12 ( 3 H5)5d3/26s 2 (Je = 9/2) at 410. 6n m and 4 f 12 ( 3 F4)5d5/26s 2 (Je = 9/2) at 420.4 nm and evaluated the life times of the excited levels as 15.9(8) ns and 48 (6) ns, respectively. Decay rates from these levels to neighboring opposite-parity levels are evaluated by means of Hartree-Fock calculations. We conclude that the strong transition at 410. 6n m has an optical leak rate of less then 2 × 10 −5 and can be used for efficient laser cooling of 169 Tm from a thermal atomic beam. The hyperfine structure of two other even-parity levels, which can be excited from the ground state at 409. 5n m and 418.9 nm, is also measured by the same technique. In addition, we give a calculated value of 7(2) s −1 for the rate of magnetic- dipole transition at 1.14 µm between the fine structure levels (Jg = 7/2) ↔ (J � = 5/2) of the ground state which can be con- sidered as a candidate for applications in atomic clocks.