Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Accurate Determination of the Landé g-Factors for 5s2 1S0 and 5s5p 3P0 States of the 87Sr Atom

Benquan Lu, Yebing Wang, Qinfang Xu, Mo-Juan Yin, Hong Chang

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations

Abstract

In the ultra-cold 87Sr atomic system, the Zeeman shift of the clock transition was measured with the σ±-polarized interrogation to accurately determine the g-factors of the 5s2 1S0 and 5s5p 3P0 states.

DOI: 10.1364/cleopr.2018.tu3g.6

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Accurate Determination of the Landé g-Factors for 5s2 1S0 and 5s5p 3P0 States of the 87Sr Atom

Benquan Lu, Yebing Wang, Qinfang Xu, Mo-Juan Yin, Hong Chang

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations

Publisher

Abstract

DOI: 10.1364/cleopr.2018.tu3g.6

Related papers

Experimental Determination of the Landé g -Factors for 5 s 2 1 S and 5 s 5 p 3 P States of the 87 Sr Atom

Benquan Lu, Yebing Wang, Yang Guo +4 more

We present an experimental determination on the Landé g-factors for the 5s 2 1 S 0 and 5 s 5 p 3 P 0 states in ultra-cold atomic systems, which is important for evaluating the Zeeman shift of the clock transition in the 87 Sr optical lattice clock. The Zeeman shift of the 5s5p 3 P 0 –5s 2 1 S 0 forbidden transition is measured with the π-polarized and σ ± -polarized interrogations at different magnetic field strengths. Moreover, in the g-factor measurement with the σ ± -transition spectra, it is unnecessary to calibrate the external magnetic field. By this means, the ground state 5s 2 1 S 0 g-factor for the 87 Sr atom is −1.306(52)×10 −4 , which is the first experimental determination to the best of our knowledge, and the result matches very well with the theoretical estimation. The differential g-factor δg between the 5s5p 3 P 0 state and the 5s 2 1 S 0 state of the 87 Sr atoms is measured in the experiment as well, which are −7.67(36) × 10 −5 with π-transition spectra and −7.72(43) × 10 −5 with σ ± -transition spectra, in good agreement with the previous report [Phys. Rev. A 76 (2007) 022510]. This work can also be used for determining the differential g-factor of the clock states for the optical clocks based on other atoms .We present an experimental determination on the Landé g-factors for the 5s 2 1 S 0 and 5 s 5 p 3 P 0 states in ultra-cold atomic systems, which is important for evaluating the Zeeman shift of the clock transition in the 87 Sr optical lattice clock. The Zeeman shift of the 5s5p 3 P 0 –5s 2 1 S 0 forbidden transition is measured with the π-polarized and σ ± -polarized interrogations at different magnetic field strengths. Moreover, in the g-factor measurement with the σ ± -transition spectra, it is unnecessary to calibrate the external magnetic field. By this means, the ground state 5s 2 1 S 0 g-factor for the 87 Sr atom is −1.306(52)×10 −4 , which is the first experimental determination to the best of our knowledge, and the result matches very well with the theoretical estimation. The differential g-factor δg between the 5s5p 3 P 0 state and the 5s 2 1 S 0 state of the 87 Sr atoms is measured in the experiment as well, which are −7.67(36) × 10 −5 with π-transition spectra and −7.72(43) × 10 −5 with σ ± -transition spectra, in good agreement with the previous report [Phys. Rev. A 76 (2007) 022510]. This work can also be used for determining the differential g-factor of the clock states for the optical clocks based on other atoms .

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Theoretical study on the polarizabilities of 5s2 1S0 and 5s5p 3P0 states of 87Sr atom

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本文利用相对论组态相互作用结合多体微扰理论方法（RCI+MBPT），对 87Sr 原子的能级和电偶极跃迁矩阵元、 5s2 1S0、 5s5p 3P0 态的极化率、幻零波长及 5s2 1S0→5s5p 3P0 钟跃迁魔幻波长进行了计算，得到的结果与实验测量值及其他理论计算结果符合的很好。并进一步计算了 87Sr 原子的超精细结构常数和超精细相互作用能，详细研究了超精细相互作用对5s2 1S0 和 5s5p 3P0 态的极化率、幻零波长以及 5s2 1S0→5s5p 3P0 钟跃迁魔幻波长的影响，与不考虑超精细相互作用的结果进行了对比，发现超精细相互作用对 5s2 1S0和 5s5p 3P0 态的极化率的影响在 10−4a.u.量级，对 5s21S0→5s5p 3P0 钟跃迁魔幻波长的影响在 0.001 nm 量级，这些理论计算结果为进一步发展高精度的 87Sr 原子光钟提供参考。本文利用相对论组态相互作用结合多体微扰理论方法（RCI+MBPT），对 87Sr 原子的能级和电偶极跃迁矩阵元、 5s2 1S0、 5s5p 3P0 态的极化率、幻零波长及 5s2 1S0→5s5p 3P0 钟跃迁魔幻波长进行了计算，得到的结果与实验测量值及其他理论计算结果符合的很好。并进一步计算了 87Sr 原子的超精细结构常数和超精细相互作用能，详细研究了超精细相互作用对5s2 1S0 和 5s5p 3P0 态的极化率、幻零波长以及 5s2 1S0→5s5p 3P0 钟跃迁魔幻波长的影响，与不考虑超精细相互作用的结果进行了对比，发现超精细相互作用对 5s2 1S0和 5s5p 3P0 态的极化率的影响在 10−4a.u.量级，对 5s21S0→5s5p 3P0 钟跃迁魔幻波长的影响在 0.001 nm 量级，这些理论计算结果为进一步发展高精度的 87Sr 原子光钟提供参考。

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The hyperfine structure of the ${}^{2}{S}_{1/2}{\ensuremath{-}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ quadrupole transition at 674 nm in ${}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ has been observed. The ion was confined in a Paul trap and cooled using laser radiation at 422 and 1092 nm. The quadrupole transition was observed by monitoring quantum jumps in the 422-nm fluorescence. The odd isotope of strontium has ``clock'' transitions independent of the first-order Zeeman shift and the ${}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ state hyperfine structure constants have been determined as ${A}_{{D}_{5/2}}=2.1743(14)\mathrm{MHz}$ and ${B}_{{D}_{5/2}}=49.11(6)\mathrm{MHz}.$ Standard uncertainties have been added in parentheses. These values allow the second-order Zeeman shifts to be calculated. The ${}^{88}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ isotope shift for the 674-nm quadrupole transition has been measured to be 247.99(4) MHz.The hyperfine structure of the ${}^{2}{S}_{1/2}{\ensuremath{-}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ quadrupole transition at 674 nm in ${}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ has been observed. The ion was confined in a Paul trap and cooled using laser radiation at 422 and 1092 nm. The quadrupole transition was observed by monitoring quantum jumps in the 422-nm fluorescence. The odd isotope of strontium has ``clock'' transitions independent of the first-order Zeeman shift and the ${}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ state hyperfine structure constants have been determined as ${A}_{{D}_{5/2}}=2.1743(14)\mathrm{MHz}$ and ${B}_{{D}_{5/2}}=49.11(6)\mathrm{MHz}.$ Standard uncertainties have been added in parentheses. These values allow the second-order Zeeman shifts to be calculated. The ${}^{88}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ isotope shift for the 674-nm quadrupole transition has been measured to be 247.99(4) MHz.

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We review recent experimental progress concerning the 87Sr optical lattice clock at the National Time Service Center in China. Hertz-level spectroscopy of the 87Sr clock transition for the optical lattice clock was performed, and closed-loop operation of the optical lattice clock was realized. A fractional frequency instability of 2.8 × 10−17 was attained for an averaging time of 2000 s. The Allan deviation is found to be 1.6 × 10−15/τ1/2 and is limited mainly by white-frequency-noise. The Landé g-factors of the (5s2)1S0 and (5s5p)3P0 states in 87Sr were measured experimentally; they are important for evaluating the clock’s Zeeman shifts. We also present recent work on the miniaturization of the strontium optical lattice clock for space applications.We review recent experimental progress concerning the 87Sr optical lattice clock at the National Time Service Center in China. Hertz-level spectroscopy of the 87Sr clock transition for the optical lattice clock was performed, and closed-loop operation of the optical lattice clock was realized. A fractional frequency instability of 2.8 × 10−17 was attained for an averaging time of 2000 s. The Allan deviation is found to be 1.6 × 10−15/τ1/2 and is limited mainly by white-frequency-noise. The Landé g-factors of the (5s2)1S0 and (5s5p)3P0 states in 87Sr were measured experimentally; they are important for evaluating the clock’s Zeeman shifts. We also present recent work on the miniaturization of the strontium optical lattice clock for space applications.

Applied SciencesNov 8, 201813 citations

Experimental isotope shifts of the 5 2S1/2 state and low-lying excited states of Rb

Leland Aldridge, P. L. Gould, Edward E. Eyler

By combining a recent precise measurement of the ionization energy of ${}^{87}$ Rb with previous measurements of the ground-state hyperfine structure and ionization energy of ${}^{85}$ Rb, an accurate value for the ${}^{85}\text{Rb}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\text{Rb}$ isotope shift of the 5 ${}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}$ ground state can be determined. In turn, comparison with additional spectroscopic data makes it possible to evaluate isotope shifts for the low-lying excited states, which are accurate in most cases to about 1 MHz. For the 5 ${}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}$ and 5 ${}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{P}_{3/2}$ states, the specific mass-shift contribution can be determined in addition to the total shift. This information is particularly useful for spectroscopic analysis of transitions to Rydberg states and for tests of atomic theory.By combining a recent precise measurement of the ionization energy of ${}^{87}$Rb with previous measurements of the ground-state hyperfine structure and ionization energy of ${}^{85}$Rb, an accurate value for the ${}^{85}\text{Rb}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\text{Rb}$ isotope shift of the 5 ${}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}$ ground state can be determined. In turn, comparison with additional spectroscopic data makes it possible to evaluate isotope shifts for the low-lying excited states, which are accurate in most cases to about 1 MHz. For the 5 ${}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}$ and 5 ${}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{P}_{3/2}$ states, the specific mass-shift contribution can be determined in addition to the total shift. This information is particularly useful for spectroscopic analysis of transitions to Rydberg states and for tests of atomic theory.

arXiv:1108.1404Physical Review ASep 19, 20118 citations

The hyperfine structure of the ${}^{2}{S}_{1/2}{\ensuremath{-}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ quadrupole transition at 674 nm in

{}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}

has been observed. The ion was confined in a Paul trap and cooled using laser radiation at 422 and 1092 nm. The quadrupole transition was observed by monitoring quantum jumps in the 422-nm fluorescence. The odd isotope of strontium has ``clock'' transitions independent of the first-order Zeeman shift and the

{}^{2}{D}_{5/2}

state hyperfine structure constants have been determined as

{A}_{{D}_{5/2}}=2.1743(14)\mathrm{MHz}

and

{B}_{{D}_{5/2}}=49.11(6)\mathrm{MHz}.

Standard uncertainties have been added in parentheses. These values allow the second-order Zeeman shifts to be calculated. The ${}^{88}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}{\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}$ isotope shift for the 674-nm quadrupole transition has been measured to be 247.99(4) MHz.

By combining a recent precise measurement of the ionization energy of

{}^{87}

Rb with previous measurements of the ground-state hyperfine structure and ionization energy of

{}^{85}

Rb, an accurate value for the ${}^{85}\text{Rb}{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\text{Rb}$ isotope shift of the 5

{}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}

ground state can be determined. In turn, comparison with additional spectroscopic data makes it possible to evaluate isotope shifts for the low-lying excited states, which are accurate in most cases to about 1 MHz. For the 5

{}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{S}_{1/2}

and 5

{}^{2}\phantom{\rule{-0.16em}{0ex}}{P}_{3/2}

states, the specific mass-shift contribution can be determined in addition to the total shift. This information is particularly useful for spectroscopic analysis of transitions to Rydberg states and for tests of atomic theory.