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Quantum Entanglement and Multispace Conception

Ilgaitis Prūsis, Peteris Prūsis

Published Oct 1, 2018• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In contemporary physics space is the boundless, three-dimensional extent in which objects and events occur, i.e., a large container and the force field is a part of space where force acts. In contradiction to this very basic principle of contemporary physics we here propose a new concept that space and physical force field are mutually dependent entities of the same phenomena. If the force field does not exist, then the corresponding space does not exist either. And vice verse, if space does not exist, there is no force field present. Therefore each force field is associated with a separate space, which we call eigenspace. Objects which carry several force fields form several eigenspaces, for example, an electron has gravitation eigenspace, electric eigenspace and magnetic eigenspace. Particles in one eigenspace can be entangled, while in another eigenspace they must be separated in large distances, for example, photons entangled in the electromagnetic eigenspace can be separated in the gravitation eigenspace. All eigenspaces except gravitation eigenspace are separated for direct observation. In this sense they are Einstein “hidden variables”.

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In contemporary physics space is the boundless, three-dimensional extent in which objects and events occur, i.e., a large container and the force field is a part of space where force acts. In contradiction to this very basic principle of contemporary physics we here propose a new concept that space and physical force field are mutually dependent entities of the same phenomena. If the force field does not exist, then the corresponding space does not exist either. And vice verse, if space does not exist, there is no force field present. Therefore each force field is associated with a separate space, which we call eigenspace. Objects which carry several force fields form several eigenspaces, for example, an electron has gravitation eigenspace, electric eigenspace and magnetic eigenspace. Particles in one eigenspace can be entangled, while in another eigenspace they must be separated in large distances, for example, photons entangled in the electromagnetic eigenspace can be separated in the gravitation eigenspace. All eigenspaces except gravitation eigenspace are separated for direct observation. In this sense they are Einstein “hidden variables”.
Since we live in a temporal subspace, every substance within the universe obeys the laws of science and the rule of time. This chapter shows that instant quantum entanglement at a large distance only exists in timeless space. In view of Einstein's relativity, quantum entanglement can be extended to the relativistic regime, namely, relativistic quantum entanglement. Quantum entanglement is a physical phenomenon that occurs when pairs (or a group of particles) interact in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be independently described, even when particles are separated by a large distance. Some scientists believe that, in principle, instant quantum entanglement between particles is possible, even for a large-distance separation. One of the interesting aspects of the Quantum Limited-Subspace is that it can be used in describing the Coherence Theory of Light. It can be shown within the Quantum Limited-Subspace that a high Degree of Mutual Coherence can be obtained.
Quantum entanglement is a group of particles that interact indirectly with other particles that are close or distant in space. As for qualitative entanglement, it is social and cosmic phenomena that are close or distant in space and also interact indirectly with similar phenomena. Our interpretation is that cosmic events are mostly coordinated in advance, similar to movie scenes, and that the universe exists within other concentric universes. Descition Quantum entanglement is that a particle rotates clockwise so that it is physically linked, no matter how far apart, to another particle that rotates counterclockwise, meaning that the total spin is zero. Einstein and his ilk went to the impossibility of such quantum behavior and described it as a ghostly action from a distance, but they differed. Rather, they proved that the interpretations of quantum mechanics are realistic and that the effect between particles separated by enormous astronomical distances occurs instantaneously, such that the speed of light cannot explain it. This was captured by researchers from the University of Glasgow in the year. The first image of quantum entanglement is known as entanglement, and it is hoped that such entanglement will contribute to advancing communications and computing. On our part, we can add that entanglement is to make two similar things have a kind of difference, but there is a strong connection between them. Particles are usually identical, but the difference is in the opposite rotation of each of them, and the connection is in these opposite particles. We have found similarity in the attraction between things, each of which has mass and attracts the other, and this is the connection. The law of gravity is subject to a mathematical law, and it is the one who lacks something that does not give it. If there is nothing on Earth similar to what is on the moon, then there cannot be an attraction between them. We can call it gravitational entanglement. There is an equivalent entanglement represented by the equivalence of energy and mass E=mc^2.
Most physicists today still conceptualize time as a part of the physical space in which material objects move, although time has never been observed and measured as a part of the space. The concept of time here presented is that time measured with clocks is merely the numerical order of material change, i.e. motion in a three-dimensional space. In special relativity the Minkowskian four-dimensional space-time can be replaced with a three-dimensional space where time does not represent a fourth coordinate of space but must be considered merely as a mathematical quantity measuring the numerical order of material changes. By quantum entanglement the three-dimensional space is a medium of a direct information transfer between quantum particles. Numerical order of non-local correlations between subatomic particles in EPR-type experiments and other immediate quantum processes is zero in the sense that the three-dimensional space acts as an immediate information medium between them.
In contemporary physics a current Quantum Mechanics (QM) theory holds that all particles exhibit a wave nature and vice versa. However, the meaning or interpretation of this statement has not been satisfactorily resolved yet. According to the multispace conception [1] the force field and space are synonyms. Each particle has several force fields: electric, magnetic, gravity. Therefore the particle can be simultaneously in several spaces. So a photon in its own electric and magnetic spaces is a particle, but in the gravity space the photon is a wave. This phenomenon is intrinsic wave-particle duality. The scattering and collisions of fermions (electrons) can form a picture of distribution similar to wave interference. It is apparent wave-particle duality because fermions remain as lumps.
Entanglement can be understood as an extraordinary degree of correlation between states of quantum systems – a correlation that cannot be given an explanation in terms of something like a common cause. Entanglement can occur between two or more quantum systems, and the most interesting case is when these correlations occur between systems that are space-like separated, meaning that changes made to one system are immediately correlated with changes in a distant system even though there is no time for a signal to travel between them. In this case one says that quantum entanglement leads to non-local correlations, or non-locality. More precisely, entanglement can be defined in the following way. Consider two particles, A and B, whose (pure) states can be represented by the state vectors ψA and ψB. Instead of representing the state of each particle individually, one can represent the composite two-particle system by another wavefunction, Ψ AB. If the two particles are unentangled , then the composite state is just the tensor product of the states of the components: Ψ AB = ψ A ⊗ ψ B; the state is then said to be factorable (or separable). If the particles are entangled, however, then the state of the composite system cannot be written as such a product of a definite state for A and a definite state for B. This is how an entangled state is defined for pure states: a state is entangled if and only if it cannot be factored: Ψ AB ≠ ψ A ⊗ ψ B.
Twin physics is a new physical model, in which the basic features of quantum mechanics and relativity theory are combined to a manageable description, reaching from sub-atomic to astronomic phenomena and so creating a bridge between large- and smallscale phenomena. This is obtained by using the Heisenberg principle, the definition of complementarity by Jammer and the ideas of Einstein. The used formalism is fully complementary, developed on the concept that each phenomenon has determinate as well as indeterminate aspects, being mutually independent. These aspects occur joined in nature, in such a manner that one of both dominates an observation and the other acts as a small disturbance. Some illustrative examples from everyday life will be given. The basic item is the Heisenberg-unit (H-unit), defined as a constant amount of potential energy and supplied with complementary attributes of time, space, and charge. Only by interaction between two H-units, their potential energy can be transformed into physical items. The resulting phenomena can be described in an easily accessible geometric way. Applying the formulation to all kind of possible interactions between H-units, descriptions of a series of elementary particles as well as the four forces of nature, neutron decay and gravitational waves are obtained. The most surprising result is the appearance of four types of electrons, having features being unknown in classical physics. In this lecture we focus upon two of them, having no mass and a short-range magnetic field around. After an introduction of twin physics without going deep into the theoretical basics, their features are explained in detail. These types of electrons are supposed to provide nanomaterial’s with conductivity much higher than known from classical experiments; also, they are expected to reveal hidden mechanisms in chemistry.