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Absolute frequency determination of the $5P_{3/2} \rightarrow 7S_{1/2}$ transition in $^{87}Rb$

Kanhaiya Pandey, Kiran Pv Kumar, Manda V. Suryanarayana, Vasant Natarajan A

Published Aug 1, 2008• 0 citations
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Abstract

We report the absolute frequency of the important $5S_{1/2} \\rightarrow 7S_{1/2}$ two-photon transition in $^{87}Rb$. We access the upper state using two dipole-allowed transitions via the intermediate $5P_{3/2}$ state. This allows us to use much lower laser intensities compared to directly driving the two-photon transition, thereby avoiding potential errors due to the AC Stark shift. Collisional shifts are also minimized because the atomic density required is several orders of magnitude smaller. Our values are consistent with earlier frequency-comb measurements.

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Absolute frequency determination of the 5P3/2→7S1/25P_{3/2} \rightarrow 7S_{1/2}5P3/2​→7S1/2​ transition in 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb
We report the absolute frequency of the important 5S1/2rightarrow7S1/25S_{1/2} \\rightarrow 7S_{1/2}5S1/2​rightarrow7S1/2​ two-photon transition in 87Rb^{87}Rb87Rb. We access the upper state using two dipole-allowed transitions via the intermediate 5P3/25P_{3/2}5P3/2​ state. This allows us to use much lower laser intensities compared to directly driving the two-photon transition, thereby avoiding potential errors due to the AC Stark shift. Collisional shifts are also minimized because the atomic density required is several orders of magnitude smaller. Our values are consistent with earlier frequency-comb measurements.
We report the absolute frequency of the important 5S(1/2)-->7S(1/2) two-photon transition in (87)Rb. We access the upper state using two dipole-allowed transitions via the intermediate 5P(3/2) state. This allows us to use much lower laser intensities compared to directly driving the two-photon transition, thereby avoiding potential errors due to the AC Stark shift. Collisional shifts are also minimized because the atomic density required is several orders of magnitude smaller. Our values are consistent with earlier frequency-comb measurements.
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We report on spectroscopic measurements of the Rb 5 D 5/2 state performed using two-photon excitation with a resonant intermediate state. With the two beams (5 S 1/2 → 5 P 3/2 at 780 nm and 5 P 3/2 → 5 D 5/2 at 776 nm) counterpropagating, the spectra are Doppler-free and the signals are very robust, even in a room temperature vapor. This is due to the near match of the transition wavelengths. The 5 D 5/2 hyperfine constants have been measured and compared to previous determinations. We have also performed the excitation in a sample of laser-cooled atoms and compare these results to those obtained at room temperature. The fact that the 5 P 3/2 → 5 D 5/2 transition is narrow, robust, diode-laser accessible, and relatively immune to AC-Stark shifts, may make it a promising candidate for a frequency reference at 776 nm.
We report on precision laser spectroscopy of the ${^{2}S}_{1/2}(F=0)\text{\ensuremath{-}}{^{2}F}_{7/2}(F=3,{m}_{F}=0)$ clock transition in a single ion of 171Yb+{^{171}\text{Y}\text{b}}^{+}171Yb+. A linewidth of <40 Hz<40\text{ }\text{Hz}<40 Hz is observed and frequency instability due to fluctuation of the ac Stark shift is reduced through improved stability of the beam alignment. The absolute value of the transition frequency, determined using an optical frequency comb, is $642\text{ }121\text{ }496\text{ }772\text{ }657\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}12\text{ }\text{Hz}$ with a fractional uncertainty of $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}14}$. This is a factor of 50 better than the previously published value [Hosaka et al., IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 54, 759 (2005)].
We have developed a high performance atomic frequency standard based on Doppler-free direct frequency comb excitation of a two-photon transition in 87 Rb. We demonstrate equivalent performance compared to an identical system based on cw laser excitation of the clock transition. This approach greatly simplifies optical clock architecture and eliminates the need for cw lasers in many two-photon frequency standards. The clock transition linewidth and ac-Stark shift measured directly with the frequency comb are shown to be nearly identical to those obtained using a cw laser of equal average power. We directly count this reference via the frequency comb repetition rate, achieving instabilities of 1.9 × 10 −13 at 1 s averaging down to 7.8(38) × 10 −15 at 2600 s, currently limited by temperature dependent shifts.
Abstract Using a Rb cell and a wavemeter, with a Doppler-free two-photon transition near 993 nm, we have measured the four hyperfine components (two isotopes, Δ F = 0) of the 5S–6S transition, finding the absolute energies of those transitions to a spectral resolution of 0.002 cm −1 = 60 MHz. We find the (87 minus 85) isotope shift of the 5S–6S transition to be +94(12) MHz. Using our single frequency cw laser with focused intensity up to 10 4 W cm −2 at the cell, we find no AC Stark or light shift of the lines at 6 MHz spectral resolution. We find no density shift of the lines at 6 MHz spectral resolution, for a range of Rb atom densities from 3 × 10 11 to 5 × 10 13 atoms/cm 3 .