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Pramana

Detecting identical entanglement pure states for two qubits

Wei Deng, Yong Deng

Published Aug 6, 2018• 5 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s12043-018-1615-0

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arXiv:0811.0249•Nov 3, 2008•0 citations
We propose a criterion for the detection of genuine entanglement of pure multiqubit states. To this aim, we define an operator called the losing one qubit operator, which is different from the reduced density operator. The states obtained from a multiqubit state by applying the losing one qubit operator are referred to as its projected states. We show that all of the projected states of a pure product n-qubit state are pure product states provided that it cannot be written as a product of a single qubit state and a genuinely entangled (n-1)-qubit state. We also show that a pure n-qubit state is genuinely entangled provided that the state has at least two genuinely entangled (n-1)-qubit projected states. By repeating the losing process, we reduce the detection of entanglement of pure n-qubit states to the one of pure two-qubit states. Also we write a LISP program for the reduction process.
We look for local unitary operators W1⊗W2W_1 \otimes W_2W1​⊗W2​ which would rotate all equally entangled two-qubit pure states by the same but arbitrary amount. It is shown that all two-qubit maximally entangled states can be rotated through the same but arbitrary amount by local unitary operators. But there is no local unitary operator which can rotate all equally entangled non-maximally entangled states by the same amount, unless it is unity. We have found the optimal sets of equally entangled non-maximally entangled states which can be rotated by the same but arbitrary amount via local unitary operators W1⊗W2W_1 \otimes W_2W1​⊗W2​, where at most one these two operators can be identity. In particular, when W1=W2=(i/2)(σx+σy)W_1 = W_2 = (i/\sqrt{2})(σ_x + σ_y)W1​=W2​=(i/2​)(σx​+σy​), we get the local quantum NOT operation. Interestingly, when we apply the one-sided local depolarizing map, we can rotate all equally entangled two-qubit pure states through the same amount. We extend our result for the case of three-qubit maximally entangled state.