A new concept of bidirectional quantum operation teleportation (BQOT) is proposed, which is essentially a union of the idea of quantum operation teleportation (QOT) and bidirectional quantum teleportation (QT). This means that Alice can transmit an unknown single-qubit unitary operation [Formula: see text] on the remote Bob’s quantum system; and at the same time, Bob can also transmit an arbitrary single-qubit unitary operation [Formula: see text] on Alice’s quantum system. In this paper, we present three BQOT schemes via different quantum channels. Furthermore, using these quantum channels, we investigate the BQOT in noisy environments, such as phase-damping noise and amplitude-damping noise. We considered the influence of the noises on the process of these three BQOT protocols through analytical derivation of the fidelity. Moreover, these three schemes are amply compared with each other from five aspects, i.e. quantum resource consumption, operation complexity, classical resource consumption, success probability and efficiency. It is found that these schemes can be realized deterministically and the first scheme is better than the other two schemes.
A new concept of bidirectional quantum operation teleportation (BQOT) is proposed, which is essentially a union of the idea of quantum operation teleportation (QOT) and bidirectional quantum teleportation (QT). This means that Alice can transmit an unknown single-qubit unitary operation [Formula: see text] on the remote Bob’s quantum system; and at the same time, Bob can also transmit an arbitrary single-qubit unitary operation [Formula: see text] on Alice’s quantum system. In this paper, we present three BQOT schemes via different quantum channels. Furthermore, using these quantum channels, we investigate the BQOT in noisy environments, such as phase-damping noise and amplitude-damping noise. We considered the influence of the noises on the process of these three BQOT protocols through analytical derivation of the fidelity. Moreover, these three schemes are amply compared with each other from five aspects, i.e. quantum resource consumption, operation complexity, classical resource consumption, success probability and efficiency. It is found that these schemes can be realized deterministically and the first scheme is better than the other two schemes.
A scheme is proposed for cyclic-controlled quantum operation teleportation (CCQOT) for three sides with EPR and cluster states. Under the control of David, Alice can implement an unknown single-qubit unitary operation on the remote Bob’s quantum system, while Bob can execute a single-qubit unitary operation on Charlie’s quantum system and Charlie can also perform an unknown single-qubit unitary operation on Alice’s quantum system. Our scheme can be generalized to [Formula: see text]) agents involved in the cycle to realize the transmission of single-qubit operations. Moreover, by replacing the quantum channels, we can change the cyclic direction of controlled qunatum operation teleportation (CQOT) from clockwise to counterclockwise. In addition, we discuss our scheme in four types of noisy environments (amplitude-damping, phase-damping, bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environment), and use fidelity to analyze the amount of information lost in the process of CCQOT due to noise. The results show that the fidelity is determined by decoherence rate and amplitude parameters of the final state.
In this paper, a novel protocol for asymmetric bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation (ABCQT) by using the nine-qubit entangled state as a quantum channel is proposed. Alice transmits an arbitrary three-qubit entangled state to Bob and at the same time, Bob transmits an arbitrary single-qubit entangled state to Alice under the permission of a third party as a controller. This protocol is based on the Hadamard (H) gates, controlled-not (CNOT) operations, appropriate unitary operations, and single-qubit Von Neumann measurements (SM) which are more efficient than multi-qubit joint measurements (JM). This scheme explicitly shows how the channel of nine-qubit entangled state prepares, and it is discussed in six types of noisy scenarios (amplitude-damping, phase-damping, bit-flip, phase-flip, bit-phase-flip, and depolarizing noisy scenarios). Then, we analytically derive the fidelities of the ABCQT process and show that they only depend on the amplitude parameter of the initial state and the decoherence noisy rate. Finally, compared with previous schemes, this scheme also shows remarkable advantages.
In this paper, a theoretical scheme for bidirectional quantum teleportation by using a four-qubit GHZ state and two Bell states as a quantum channel is proposed. In this scheme, two arbitrary single-qubit quantum states and an unknown three-qubit state can be mutually transmitted between the two communication participants Alice and Bob. The quantum state information can be transmitted if Alice performs four single-qubit measurement operations on her qubits and Bob carries out a four-qubit joint measurement on his qubits, respectively. Then both Alice and Bob can reconstruct the target quantum state by means of appropriate unitary operations. Then we take comparisons with the other bidirectional quantum teleportation protocols in five aspects of quantum information bits transmitted, necessary operations, consumption of quantum resource, consumption of classical resource and intrinsic efficiency. Furthermore, we use channel authentication method to ensure the channel security and prove that our protocol can withstand four attack scenarios. It is concluded that our scheme has significant advantages of more qubits number transmitted, higher intrinsic efficiency and high security.
Quantum teleportation is considered as the most basic process of quantum communication. It is undoubtedly beneficial for the realization of quantum teleportation while transmitting the maximum number of quantum bits with the minimum number of quantum channel resources. An improved bidirectional quantum teleportation protocol based on a quantum channel of six-qubit cluster state is proposed. In this paper, the user Alice can transmit an unknown three-qubit entangled state to the user Bob, and at the same time, the user Bob can transmit an arbitrary single-qubit state to the user Alice by utilizing GHz-state measurement, bell-state measurement, single-qubit Von Neumann measurement, and unitary operations. Compared with other schemes in quantum resource consumption, necessary operation complexity including operation difficulty and intensity, classical resource consumption, quantum information bits transmitted, and intrinsic efficiency, our scheme has the remarkable advantages in transmitting more quantum information and possesses higher intrinsic efficiency.
Abstract In this paper, we propose a new scheme for faithful bidirectional quantum teleportation (BQT) of special type of two-qubit entangled states by using single G state as a quantum channel. In 2016, by using five-qubit and six-qubit entangled states as the quantum channels, two different BQT schemes were proposed by Sang ((2016) Int. J. Theor. Phys . 55 , 1333) and Hassanpour et al ((2016) Quantum Inf. Process. 15 , 905) respectively. In first scheme, Alice teleports a special type of two-qubit entangled state to Bob and at the same time Bob teleports a single qubit state to Alice. In later scheme, Alice and Bob teleport special type of two-qubit entangled state to each other simultaneously. In contrast to these schemes, in our proposed scheme Alice and Bob can teleport special type of two-qubit entangled states to each other simultaneously while the quantum channel is a four-qubit entangled state. Our proposed BQT scheme requires minimum consumption of quantum and classical resources and it has maximum intrinsic efficiency as compared with previous BQT schemes. We also generalize our scheme for bidirectional quantum teleportation of N-qubit entangled states.
Abstract This paper proposes a hybrid bidirectional quantum communication protocol, in which two parties simultaneously transmit two-qubit states: one via quantum teleportation (QT) and the other via remote state preparation (RSP). This approach establishes a more flexible model for bidirectional quantum communication. The protocol utilizes a specially designed maximally entangled quantum channel to enable hybrid bidirectional communication. By performing Bell measurements, joint projective measurements, and corresponding unitary operations, quantum teleportation from Alice to Bob and remote state preparation from Bob to Alice can be accomplished synchronously. Furthermore, the robustness of the proposed protocol is evaluated under three typical noisy environments, namely the amplitude damping (AD) channel, phase damping(PD) channel and the depolarizing (DP) channel. The proposed protocol provides a novel framework for effcient bidirectional quantum communication, with potential advantages in enhancing interactivity and optimizing resource utilization in future quantum networks.