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Physics of Plasmas

Investigation of optical bistability in core-shell nanoparticles consisting of nonlocal core and magnetoplasmonic shell

Tayebeh Naseri, Nader Daneshfar, Fatemeh Pourkhavari

Published Aug 1, 2018• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the interaction of an electromagnetic field with a core-shell nanostructure and propose a nonlocal effective medium theory for a core-shell structure made of a nonlocal core and a magneto-optical shell cylinder embedded in the host medium. In addition to the appearance of optical bistability and tristability in this system, it is found that the threshold and window of bistability are strongly dependent on the nonlocality and magneto-optical properties of the core-shell nanoparticle, the size of the nanoparticle, and the incident wavelength. By fine modification of these parameters, it is possible to achieve maximal enhancement of optical nonlinearity from the proposed system. Our study offers a theoretical direction to further structure design and optimization and also applications in the high speed all-optical signal processing.

DOI
10.1063/1.5024781

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We study the interaction of an electromagnetic field with a core-shell nanostructure and propose a nonlocal effective medium theory for a core-shell structure made of a nonlocal core and a magneto-optical shell cylinder embedded in the host medium. In addition to the appearance of optical bistability and tristability in this system, it is found that the threshold and window of bistability are strongly dependent on the nonlocality and magneto-optical properties of the core-shell nanoparticle, the size of the nanoparticle, and the incident wavelength. By fine modification of these parameters, it is possible to achieve maximal enhancement of optical nonlinearity from the proposed system. Our study offers a theoretical direction to further structure design and optimization and also applications in the high speed all-optical signal processing.
With the self-consistent mean field approximation in the framework of full-wave nonlocal scattering theory, we carry out a theoretical study on the optical bistability in a nonlocal nanoparticle coated with a Kerr-type nonlinear shell. A nonlocality-enhanced Fano profile is found in its scattering spectrum. We demonstrate the nonlocality-broadened bistable region in the geometrical parameter space. We perform the investigation of the nonlinear dependences of the near-field intensity and far-field scattering on the incident wavelength and find the input-wavelength-controllable as well as the input-field-intensity-controllable scattering. We check the stability of the nonlinear steady states and perform its temporal dynamical evolutions.
We provide a self-consistent mean field approximation in the framework of Mie scattering theory to study the optical bistability of a metallic nanoparticle coated with a nonlinear shell. We demonstrate that the nanoparticle coated with a weakly nonlinear shell exhibits optical bistability in a broad range of incident optical intensity. This optical bistability critically relies on the geometry of the shell-coated nanoparticle, especially the fractional volume of the metallic core. The incident wavelength can also affect the optical bistability. Through an optimization-like process, we find a design with broader bistable region and lower threshold field by adjusting the size of the nonlinear shell, the fractional volume of the metallic core, and the incident wavelength. These results may find potential applications in optical bistable devices such as all-optical switches, optical transistors and optical memories.
In this paper, the effect of a tunable dielectric core on local field enhancement, induced optical bistability, and the optical bistability domain in cylindrical core–shell nanoparticle composites are studied. The local field enhancement factor increases significantly at two resonant frequencies. The results demonstrate that the local field enhancement factor in the cylindrical core–shell nanoparticle increases when the natural attribute of the dielectric function of the dielectric core is varied by adding a dielectric function to it. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the magnitude of the imaginary part of the active dielectric core increases as the onset and offset input intensities increase. This indicates that the optical bistability or threshold width range widens as the imaginary part of the dielectric function of the dielectric core increases, thereby enlarging the threshold domain to improve system activation.
We study the nonlinear optical response of graphene in nanostructures. The spherical nanoparticle coated with a monolayer of graphene displays enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity and, consequently, optical bistability and multistability in a broad range of incident optical intensity. This optical bistability significantly appertains on the geometry of the shell-coated nanoparticle, the fractional volume of the metallic core, as well as the core genre and Fermi energy of graphene. In particular, Fermi energy could also affect the optical bistability and induce switching from optical bistability to optical multistability. Due to the importance of core–shell nanoparticles, this model may find potential applications in optical bistable devices such as all-optical switches, optical transistors, and memories.
The intrinsic optical bistability (OB) of graded core-shell granular composites is investigated. The coated particles are made of cores with gradient dielectric function ∊ c (r) = A(r/a) k and nonlinear shells. In view of the exponential distribution of the core dielectric constant, the potential functions of each region are obtained by solving the Maxwell equations, and the mathematical expressions of electric field in the shells and cores are determined. Numerical study reveals that the optical bistable threshold and the threshold width of the composite medium are dependent on the shell thickness, core dielectric exponent, and power function coefficient. The optical bistable width increases with the decreasing shell thickness and the power exponent and with the increasing power function coefficient.
We present results on the nonlinear-optical response for a series of dielectric particles having nanometer sizes that are coated with a metallic shell. Using the freedom of changing particle shapes and coating thicknesses, we optimize the threshold intensity for intrinsic optical bistability. The metallic shell creates an enhanced local field in the nonlinear core. We report threshold intensities for silver-coated CdS as low as 12 W/cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2.