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Coupled QED in N-array photonic crystal nanocavities for quantum information processing

Yun‐Feng Xiao, Jie Gao, James F. McMillan, Xiaodong Yang, You-Ling Chen, Zheng‐Fu Han, Guang‐Can Guo, Chee Wei Wong

Published Jul 18, 2007• 0 citations
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Ultra-high-quality factor photonic crystal nanocavities are attracting much attention because they can confine light into an ultra-small region and enable strong interaction between light and matter. One important step toward the realization of quantum information processing with cavity quantum electrodynamics approaches is a robust method that transfers photons among such cavities. We propose and theoretically investigate a scheme to transfer photons between strongly coupled, distant photonic crystal nanocavities by an adiabatic change in the cavity characteristics in the time domain. Adding one intermediate nanocavity for control allows efficient light transfer between objective nanocavities. Because our scheme utilizes adiabatic transfer, its operation is robust for both the control parameters and the control timing.
A comprehensive theoretical analysis of the cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) in single-photon Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (SMZI) based switches and single quantum gates that are intended for the processing of quantum information encoded in the polarization of single photons inside integrated photonic crystal (PC) quantum networks is presented. These devices rely on manipulating the geometrical phase of single photons by means of the Single-Photon Faraday Effect (SPFE), which can be described in terms of a detuned single mode quantum field strongly interacting with a two-level system or quantum dot (QD) inside nanocavities. The feasibility of such devices depends on the ability for the field in each arm of the interferometer to couple in their respective nanocavities, successfully interact with the quantum dot, and when the appropriate phase is accumulated couple out; all these steps being performed with minimum phase error and losses. Using the Jaynes-Cummings model, the cavity dynamics is studied for various detuning energies and coupling energies, and it is shown that the design of these devices can achieve low phase error and robustness against fabrication errors.
Considering two-level media in the array of weakly coupled nanocavities, we reveal a variety of dynamical regimes, such as diffusion, self-trapping, soliton, and breathers for the wave packets in the presence of photon tunneling processes between the next-nearest cavities. We focus our attention on the low-branch bright polariton soliton formation, due to the two-body polariton-polariton scattering processes. When detuning frequency is manipulated adiabatically, the low-branch lattice polariton localized states, i.e., solitons and breathers evolving between photonlike and matterlike states, are shown to act as carriers for spatially distributed storage and retrieval of optical information.