Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Express

Dark solitons manipulation using optical event horizon

Zhixiang Deng, Jun Liu, Xianwei Huang, Chujun Zhao, Xinlin Wang

Published Jun 13, 2018• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate that the optical event horizon can provide an effective technique to actively control the propagation properties of a dark soliton with another weak probe wave. Careful power adjustment of the probe wave enables the black soliton converted into a gray one with varying grayness through the nonlinear interaction, corresponding to a nearly adiabatic variation of the soliton's speed. The sign of the phase angle for the newly formed gray soliton at optical event horizon is significantly dependent on the frequency of the launched probe wave. Linear-stability analysis of dark solitons under the perturbation of a weak probe wave is performed to clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the nonlinear interaction. The probe wave manipulated collisional dynamics between both dark solitons are investigated as an analogue of the combined white-hole and black-hole horizons which provides some insights into exploring the transition between integrable and non-integrable systems.

DOI
10.1364/oe.26.016535

Related papers

Dressed dynamics of optical dark pulse at group velocity horizon

Zhixiang Deng, Kui Wen, Xinlin Wang

Optical event horizon provides a powerful tool to effectively manipulate the properties of dark soliton with weak probe wave. By controlling the strength of probe wave we investigate the fundamental feature of dark soliton.

International Symposium on Ultrafast Phenomena and Terahertz Waves (ISUPTW)•Jan 1, 2018•0 citations

Dark-gray soliton transformations: possibility to study microscopic quantum phenomena by nonlinear optical methods

Celso Hernández-Tenorio, V. N. Serkin, Tatyana Leonidovna Belyaeva +2 more

The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) model with an external harmonic potential is one of the most important in modern science. This model makes it possible to analyze a variety of nonlinear phenomena, in nonlinear optics and laser physics, biophysics and in the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation of atoms. It is shown that the main specific feature of the dynamics of dark GP matter wave solitons in a parabolic trap is the formation of solitons with dynamically changing form-factors producing the periodic variation in the modulation depth (the degree of “blackness”) of dark solitons. In general, the period of dark soliton oscillations in trapping potential depends on the specific conditions of the experiment and does not coincide with the oscillation period of a linear quantum-mechanical oscillator. In the case of an immobile pedestal in the trap, the oscillation period of the black soliton considerably increases because of the periodic transformation of the black soliton to the gray one and vice versa. Surprisingly, that if the dark soliton is superimposed on the base pedestal oscillating in the trap and displaced from the trap center, the oscillation period of the dark soliton coincides with the period of oscillations of the linear harmonic oscillator, while the dynamics of the dark soliton is similar to that of a classical particle obeying the Newton mechanics laws.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jan 8, 2015•0 citations

An introduction to nonlinear fiber optics and optical analogues to gravitational phenomena

Dimitrios Kranas, Andleeb Zahra, Friedrich König

The optical fiber is a revolutionary technology of the past century. It enables us to manipulate single modes in nonlinear interactions with precision at the quantum level without involved setups. This setting is useful in the field of analogue gravity (AG), where gravitational phenomena are investigated in accessible analogue lab setups. These lecture notes provide an account of this AG framework and applications. Although light in nonlinear dielectrics is discussed in textbooks, the involved modelling often includes many assumptions that are directed at optical communications, some of which are rarely detailed. Here, we provide a self-contained and sufficiently detailed description of the propagation of light in fibers, with a minimal set of assumptions, which is relevant in the context of AG. Starting with the structure of a step-index fiber, we derive linear-optics propagating modes and show that the transverse electric field of the fundamental mode is well approximated as linearly polarized and of a Gaussian profile. We then incorporate a cubic nonlinearity and derive a general wave envelope propagation equation. With further simplifying assumptions, we arrive at the famous nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which governs fundamental effects in nonlinear fibers, such as solitons. As a first application in AG, we show how intense light in the medium creates an effective background spacetime for probe light akin to the propagation of a scalar field in a black hole spacetime. We introduce optical horizons and particle production in this effective spacetime, giving rise to the optical Hawking effect. Furthermore, we discuss two related light emission mechanisms. Finally, we present a second optical analogue model for the oscillations of black holes, the quasinormal modes, which are important in the program of black hole spectroscopy.

gr-qcCross-listedarXiv:2512.15695•Dec 18, 2025

Bidirectional soliton spectral tunneling effects in the regime of optical event horizon

Jie Gu, Hairun Guo, Shaofei Wang +3 more

We study the cross-phase-modulation-induced soliton spectral shifting in the regime of the optical event horizon. The perturbed soliton to either red-shifting or blue-shifting is controllable, which could evoke bidirectional soliton spectral tunneling effects.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)•Aug 1, 2015•0 citations

Dark Soliton Dynamics in Confined Bose-Einstein Condensates

Parker Ng, Nick P. Proukakis, C. S. Adams

Dilute atomic Bose-Einstein condensates are inherently nonlinear systems and support solitary wave solutions. An important distinction from optical systems is the inhomogeneous background density, which results from the traps used to confine the atoms. As in optical systems, dark solitary waves in three-dimensional geometries are unstable to transverse excitations, which lead to a bending of the dark soliton plane and decay into vortex rings. Highly elon-gated geometries can now be achieved experimentally, in which the condensate dynamics are effectively one-dimensional, and the motion of the dark soliton is governed by the inhomogeneous longitudinal density. We show that a dark soliton is fundamentally unstable to such a changing background density, by means of numerical simulations of the soliton under various potentials (e.g. steps, ramps, harmonic traps, and optical lattices). This leads to the emission of radiation in the form of sound waves. The power emitted is found to be proportional to the square of the soliton acceleration. The latter quantity is shown to be proportional to the deformation of the apparent soliton profile, arising from the sound field in the region of the soliton. We demonstrate that the ensuing interactions between the soliton and sound field, and therefore the dynamics of the soliton, can be controlled experimentally via manipulation of the emitted sound, achieved by modifying the trap geometry. In this manner, it is possible to induce a rapid decay of the soliton, stabilise the soliton, or even pump energy into the soliton by means of parametric driving. 1

•Dec 31, 2007•1 citation

Exploring the stability and dynamics of dipolar matter-wave dark solitons

Matthew Edmonds, Thomas Bland, Duncan H J O’Dell +1 more

We study the stability, form, and interaction of single and multiple dark solitons in quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. The solitons are found numerically as stationary solutions in the moving frame of a nonlocal Gross Pitaevskii equation and characterized as a function of the key experimental parameters, namely the ratio of the dipolar atomic interactions to the van der Waals interactions, the polarization angle, and the condensate width. The solutions and their integrals of motion are strongly affected by the phonon and roton instabilities of the system. Dipolar matter-wave dark solitons propagate without dispersion and collide elastically away from these instabilities, with the dipolar interactions contributing an additional repulsion or attraction to the soliton-soliton interaction. However, close to the instabilities, the collisions are weakly dissipative.

arXiv:1603.01423•Physical Review A•Jun 15, 2016•32 citations
We demonstrate that the optical event horizon can provide an effective technique to actively control the propagation properties of a dark soliton with another weak probe wave. Careful power adjustment of the probe wave enables the black soliton converted into a gray one with varying grayness through the nonlinear interaction, corresponding to a nearly adiabatic variation of the soliton's speed. The sign of the phase angle for the newly formed gray soliton at optical event horizon is significantly dependent on the frequency of the launched probe wave. Linear-stability analysis of dark solitons under the perturbation of a weak probe wave is performed to clarify the intrinsic mechanism of the nonlinear interaction. The probe wave manipulated collisional dynamics between both dark solitons are investigated as an analogue of the combined white-hole and black-hole horizons which provides some insights into exploring the transition between integrable and non-integrable systems.
The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) model with an external harmonic potential is one of the most important in modern science. This model makes it possible to analyze a variety of nonlinear phenomena, in nonlinear optics and laser physics, biophysics and in the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation of atoms. It is shown that the main specific feature of the dynamics of dark GP matter wave solitons in a parabolic trap is the formation of solitons with dynamically changing form-factors producing the periodic variation in the modulation depth (the degree of “blackness”) of dark solitons. In general, the period of dark soliton oscillations in trapping potential depends on the specific conditions of the experiment and does not coincide with the oscillation period of a linear quantum-mechanical oscillator. In the case of an immobile pedestal in the trap, the oscillation period of the black soliton considerably increases because of the periodic transformation of the black soliton to the gray one and vice versa. Surprisingly, that if the dark soliton is superimposed on the base pedestal oscillating in the trap and displaced from the trap center, the oscillation period of the dark soliton coincides with the period of oscillations of the linear harmonic oscillator, while the dynamics of the dark soliton is similar to that of a classical particle obeying the Newton mechanics laws.
The optical fiber is a revolutionary technology of the past century. It enables us to manipulate single modes in nonlinear interactions with precision at the quantum level without involved setups. This setting is useful in the field of analogue gravity (AG), where gravitational phenomena are investigated in accessible analogue lab setups. These lecture notes provide an account of this AG framework and applications. Although light in nonlinear dielectrics is discussed in textbooks, the involved modelling often includes many assumptions that are directed at optical communications, some of which are rarely detailed. Here, we provide a self-contained and sufficiently detailed description of the propagation of light in fibers, with a minimal set of assumptions, which is relevant in the context of AG. Starting with the structure of a step-index fiber, we derive linear-optics propagating modes and show that the transverse electric field of the fundamental mode is well approximated as linearly polarized and of a Gaussian profile. We then incorporate a cubic nonlinearity and derive a general wave envelope propagation equation. With further simplifying assumptions, we arrive at the famous nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which governs fundamental effects in nonlinear fibers, such as solitons. As a first application in AG, we show how intense light in the medium creates an effective background spacetime for probe light akin to the propagation of a scalar field in a black hole spacetime. We introduce optical horizons and particle production in this effective spacetime, giving rise to the optical Hawking effect. Furthermore, we discuss two related light emission mechanisms. Finally, we present a second optical analogue model for the oscillations of black holes, the quasinormal modes, which are important in the program of black hole spectroscopy.
Dilute atomic Bose-Einstein condensates are inherently nonlinear systems and support solitary wave solutions. An important distinction from optical systems is the inhomogeneous background density, which results from the traps used to confine the atoms. As in optical systems, dark solitary waves in three-dimensional geometries are unstable to transverse excitations, which lead to a bending of the dark soliton plane and decay into vortex rings. Highly elon-gated geometries can now be achieved experimentally, in which the condensate dynamics are effectively one-dimensional, and the motion of the dark soliton is governed by the inhomogeneous longitudinal density. We show that a dark soliton is fundamentally unstable to such a changing background density, by means of numerical simulations of the soliton under various potentials (e.g. steps, ramps, harmonic traps, and optical lattices). This leads to the emission of radiation in the form of sound waves. The power emitted is found to be proportional to the square of the soliton acceleration. The latter quantity is shown to be proportional to the deformation of the apparent soliton profile, arising from the sound field in the region of the soliton. We demonstrate that the ensuing interactions between the soliton and sound field, and therefore the dynamics of the soliton, can be controlled experimentally via manipulation of the emitted sound, achieved by modifying the trap geometry. In this manner, it is possible to induce a rapid decay of the soliton, stabilise the soliton, or even pump energy into the soliton by means of parametric driving. 1
We study the stability, form, and interaction of single and multiple dark solitons in quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates. The solitons are found numerically as stationary solutions in the moving frame of a nonlocal Gross Pitaevskii equation and characterized as a function of the key experimental parameters, namely the ratio of the dipolar atomic interactions to the van der Waals interactions, the polarization angle, and the condensate width. The solutions and their integrals of motion are strongly affected by the phonon and roton instabilities of the system. Dipolar matter-wave dark solitons propagate without dispersion and collide elastically away from these instabilities, with the dipolar interactions contributing an additional repulsion or attraction to the soliton-soliton interaction. However, close to the instabilities, the collisions are weakly dissipative.