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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Fluorescence Double Resonance Optical pumping spectrum and its application for frequency stabilization in Millimeter scale vapor cell

Eliran Talker, Liron Stern, Alex Naiman, Uriel Levy

Published Jan 1, 2018• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce the approach of fluorescence double resonance optical pumping, demonstrate its superior contrast compare with the conventional double resonance optical pumping, and use it for locking at telecom wavelength in mm scale vapor cell.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_at.2018.jw2a.150

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Double-resonance Excited-state Optical-pumping Spectra of Rubidium Atoms and its Application for Frequency Stabilization of 1.5 μm Semiconductor Laser

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We demonstrate the spectra of 87Rb 5S1/2-5P3/2-4D3/2(4D5/2) transitions by utilizing the double-resonance optical-pumping(DROP) and optical-optical double-resonance(OODR) techniques,respectively.The DROP spectrum,compared with the traditional OODR spectrum,shows a much better signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and narrower linewidth.When frequency of 1 529 nm external-cavity diode laser is stabilized to the DROP spectrum of 87Rb 5P3/2(F′=3)-4D3/2(F″=3) transition,the preliminary result of residual frequency jitter after being locked is～0.65 MHz within 300 s.This result is clearly much better than that in case of frequency stabilized by using OODR scheme(～1.8 MHz within 300 s).

Acta Sinica Quantum Optica•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
In recent years, we are observing substantial efforts towards the miniaturization of atomic cells to a millimeter scale and below, with the ultimate goal of enabling efficient and compact light vapor interactions. However, such miniaturization results in a reduction in optical path, effectively reducing the contrast of the optical signal. In order to overcome this obstacle, we have introduced and demonstrated a new approach of fluorescence double resonance optical pumping (FDROP) in the ladder-type atomic system. We have developed a theoretical model to predict the FDROP spectrum and validated this model using experimental results in a millimeter-size cell. We show that the contrast of fluorescence signal of the FDROP approach is higher than the transmission signal in the double resonance optical pumping approach. Taking advantage of this desired property, we have used the FDROP for the purpose of stabilizing the frequency of a laser operating at the telecom waveband with the hyperfine structure of the 5P 3/2 –4D 5/2 transition in a millimeter-size cell. By beating the stabilized laser to another stabilized laser, we obtained frequency instability floor of 9 × 10 −10 at around 1000 s in terms of Allan deviation. Such sources which are stabilized to miniaturized cells may play an important building block in diverse fields ranging e.g. from communication to metrology.
We present double resonance optical pumping (DROP) spectra for the 5P3∕2–4D3∕2 transition and the 5P3∕2–4D5∕2 transition of R87b and we use these spectra for frequency stabilization in the 1.5μm region. The spectra, compared to the conventional double resonance spectrum, show a good signal-to-noise ratio and a narrow spectral linewidth for laser frequency stabilization. The different intensities of the hyperfine states were attributed to the different rates of double resonance optical pumping into the other ground state. When we stabilized the frequency of a 1.5μm laser diode to the DROP spectrum, the best frequency stability was 1×10−11 after 100s.
The frequency stabilization of a laser diode in the 1.3 microm region using double resonance optical pumping (DROP) spectrum in the 5P(3/2)-6S(1/2) transition of (87)Rb atoms is demonstrated. The signal-to-noise ratio of the DROP spectrum is approximately ten times higher than that of the previous optical-optical double resonance spectrum. The spectral linewidth of the DROP measures 8.4 MHz. When the frequency of a 1.367 microm laser diode is stabilized to the DROP spectrum, the frequency stability is 9 x 10(-12) after 100 s. Also, the wavelength of the frequency-stabilized laser locked to the 5P(3/2)-6S(1/2) transition using a wavelength meter is measured.
Abstract We present a laser frequency locking scheme for the high excited transition of rubidium, which cannot be directly referenced by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Double resonance optical pumping spectroscopy and two-photon transition spectroscopy of a 5 S → 5 P → 5 D transition are obtained in a room temperature vapor cell and employed as the reference sources. An Allan deviation of 1.71 × 10 −12 at an averaging time of 2048 s with a residual frequency fluctuation of ±0.2 MHz over 7000 s is obtained by two-photon transition spectroscopy. The case of double resonance optical pumping spectroscopy presents an Allan deviation of 4.86 × 10 −12 at an averaging time of 2048 s with a residual frequency fluctuation of ±0.4 MHz over 7000 s. One distinct advantage of two-photon transition spectroscopy method is demonstrated by the analysis of the fast Fourier transform of error signal. A narrower full width at half-maximum of two-photon transition spectroscopy and a higher zero crossing slope by using a frequency modulation method lead to a better frequency stabilization. This work provides a technical basis for the laser frequency stabilization based on atomic and molecular transition spectroscopy, and it also supplies a new frequency standard for optical telecommunication applications.
Optical-optical double-resonance (OODR) Spectra for the 52P1/2−62S1/2and the 52P3/2−42D3/2,5/2transition of87Rb have been used for frequency stabilization in near-infrared region for many years. Though the method works well, it calls for locked 780nm lasers to pump Rb atoms into 52P3/2. We are trying to use an electrodeless discharge Rb vapor lamp to replace the complex locked pumping laser. The lamp's spectra show us that there are two spectral signals, 780nm and 795nm, are much larger than others. We are trying to make 52P3/2level populated by shining the lamp light into a Rb vapor cell. Meantime, the lamp could absorb 1529 nm laser most seriously when operating in red mode. The absorption signal with high SNR but with several hundred megahertz line-width is hopefully to be used to lock the 1529 nm laser directly without 780 nm laser. The advantage of the lamp used in the frequency stabilized system is to reduce the size and cost of 1.5 μm wavelength standard for optical communication application.
We demonstrate the spectra of 87Rb 5S1/2-5P3/2-4D3/2(4D5/2) transitions by utilizing the double-resonance optical-pumping(DROP) and optical-optical double-resonance(OODR) techniques,respectively.The DROP spectrum,compared with the traditional OODR spectrum,shows a much better signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and narrower linewidth.When frequency of 1 529 nm external-cavity diode laser is stabilized to the DROP spectrum of 87Rb 5P3/2(F′=3)-4D3/2(F″=3) transition,the preliminary result of residual frequency jitter after being locked is～0.65 MHz within 300 s.This result is clearly much better than that in case of frequency stabilized by using OODR scheme(～1.8 MHz within 300 s).