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Theoretical and Mathematical Physics

Coulomb Scattering of a Slow Quantum Particle in a Space of Arbitrary Dimension

Vasily Veniaminovitch Pupyshev

Published Apr 1, 2018• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We assume that a charged quantum particle moves in a space of dimension d = 2, 3,... and is scattered by a fixed Coulomb center. We derive and study expansions of the wave function and all radial functions of such a particle in integer powers of the wave number and in Bessel functions of a real order. We prove that finite sums of such expansions are asymptotic approximations of the wave functions in the low-energy limit.

DOI
10.1134/s0040577918040062

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We assume that a charged quantum particle moves in a space of dimension d = 2, 3,... and is scattered by a fixed Coulomb center. We derive and study expansions of the wave function and all radial functions of such a particle in integer powers of the wave number and in Bessel functions of a real order. We prove that finite sums of such expansions are asymptotic approximations of the wave functions in the low-energy limit.
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The exact wave functions that describe scattering of a charged particle by a confined magnetic field (Aharonov-Bohm effect) and by a Coulomb field are analyzed. It is well known that the usual procedure of finding asymptotic forms of these functions which admit a separation into a superposition of an incident plane wave and a circular or spherical scattered wave is problematic near the forward direction. It thus appears to be impossible to express the conservation of probability by means of an optical theorem of the usual kind. Both the total cross section and the forward scattering amplitude appear to be infinite. To address these difficulties we find a new representation for the asymptotic form of the Aharonov-Bohm wave function that is valid for all angles. Rather than try to define a cross section at forward angles, however, we work instead with the probability current and find that it is quite well behaved. The same is true for Coulomb scattering. We trace the usual difficulties to a nonuniformity of limits.