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Density Controlled Photon Pair Generation: a Prototype Source of Tunable Entangled Photons from Supercritical Xenon

Kyle Edward Klarup

Published Apr 10, 2018• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

This dissertation describes the development and verification of a fiber based prototype system for generating entangled photon pairs with a reduced spontaneous Raman scattering background compared to solid-core optical fibers. To achieve this goal, the guidance properties of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers are combined with the density variability and high optical nonlinearity of supercritical xenon fluid. The dispersion properties of the system provide the proper conditions for the spontaneous generation of entangled photons by the nonlinear process of degenerate four-wave mixing. By altering the density of supercritical xenon in the fiber, the conditions for the four-wave mixing can be modified to tune the frequencies of the entangled photons.

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This dissertation describes the development and verification of a fiber based prototype system for generating entangled photon pairs with a reduced spontaneous Raman scattering background compared to solid-core optical fibers. To achieve this goal, the guidance properties of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers are combined with the density variability and high optical nonlinearity of supercritical xenon fluid. The dispersion properties of the system provide the proper conditions for the spontaneous generation of entangled photons by the nonlinear process of degenerate four-wave mixing. By altering the density of supercritical xenon in the fiber, the conditions for the four-wave mixing can be modified to tune the frequencies of the entangled photons.
We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of entangled photon pair generation via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs). By analyzing various fiber geometries, dispersion profiles, and anti-resonant characteristics, we identify optimal configurations that enhance photon-pair generation efficiency. Our study highlights the crucial roles of group velocity dispersion engineering, pump parameters, and phase-matching conditions in shaping the joint spectral amplitude (JSA) of the emitted photons. Utilizing gas-filled or evacuated HC-PCFs significantly reduces Raman noise by minimizing field overlap with the glass, while maintaining strong nonlinear interactions. The results reveal practical regimes for improving spectral purity and heralding efficiency. These findings provide practical design guidelines for scalable, low-noise quantum light sources suitable for quantum communication technologies. We bridge fiber design and nonlinear optics to create a predictive model and practical design charts for application-specific quantum light sources.
Photon-pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in inhibited-coupling hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (IC-HCPCF) filled with an inert gas (Xenon) combine Raman free generation, high signal-to-noise ratio, entanglement control and integrability in the telecommunications network [1]. Furthermore, this technology proved to be a promising platform for both single photon and entangled photon-pairs sources. However, increasing the brightness of such platform is required. Recently, we demonstrated an enhancement of this photon -pairs source brightness by an order of magnitude to reachB0=30kHzB_{0}=30\text{kHz}B0​=30kHzusing GHz-repetition rate femtosecond laser [2].
We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of entangled photon pair generation via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs). By analyzing various fiber geometries, dispersion profiles, and anti-resonant characteristics, we identify optimal configurations that enhance photon-pair generation efficiency. Our study highlights the crucial roles of group velocity dispersion engineering, pump parameters, and phase-matching conditions in shaping the joint spectral amplitude (JSA) of the emitted photons. Utilizing gas-filled or evacuated HC-PCFs significantly reduces Raman noise by minimizing field overlap with the glass, while maintaining strong nonlinear interactions. The results reveal practical regimes for improving spectral purity and heralding efficiency. These findings provide practical design guidelines for scalable, low-noise quantum light sources suitable for quantum communication technologies.
We present a comprehensive numerical investigation of entangled photon pair generation via spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCFs). By analyzing various fiber geometries, dispersion profiles, and anti-resonant characteristics, we identify optimal configurations that enhance photon-pair generation efficiency. Our study highlights the crucial roles of group velocity dispersion engineering, pump parameters, and phase-matching conditions in shaping the joint spectral amplitude (JSA) of the emitted photons. Utilizing gas-filled or evacuated HC-PCFs significantly reduces Raman noise by minimizing field overlap with the glass, while maintaining strong nonlinear interactions. The results reveal practical regimes for improving spectral purity and heralding efficiency. These findings provide practical design guidelines for scalable, low-noise quantum light sources suitable for quantum communication technologies.
The purpose of this tutorial paper is to present a broad overview of photon-pair generation through the spontaneous four wave mixing (SFWM) process in optical fibers. Progress in optical fiber technology means that today we have at our disposal a wide variety of types of fiber, which, together with the fact that SFWM uses two pump fields, implies a truly remarkable versatility in the resulting possible photon-pair properties. We discuss how the interplay of frequency, transverse mode, and polarization degrees of freedom—the first linked to the latter two through fiber dispersion—leads to interesting entanglement properties both in individual degrees of freedom and also permitting hybrid and hyper entanglement in combinations of degrees of freedom. This tutorial covers methods for photon-pair factorability, frequency tunability, and SFWM bandwidth control, the effect of frequency non-degenerate and counterpropagating pumps, as well as methods for characterizing photon pairs generated in optical fibers.